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This study explored the effects of physician gender and patient gender and race on physician treatment of patient emotion. Physicians were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: receiving a White-male, White-female, Black-male, or Black-female patient case vignette. Analysis based on data from 225 physician respondents showed that female physicians were more likely to treat patient emotion and use strategies which approached rather than avoided emotion than male colleagues. However, an interaction effect among physician gender, type of practice, and practice setting revealed that male generalists practicing in institutional settings were more likely to treat patient emotion than female practitioners. When patients were White, emotion was considered more important and the client was more likely to receive treatment. Specifically, an interaction effect between patient gender and race indicated that physicians were least likely to avoid and most likely to treat the emotions of White females followed by White males....
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