Search results for: William T. Cefalu

Items from 1 to 20 out of 68 results

article

Consensus report: Definition and interpretation of remission in type 2 diabetes

Matthew C. Riddle, William T. Cefalu, Philip H. Evans, Hertzel C. Gerstein, more

Improvement of glucose levels into the normal range can occur in some people living with diabetes, either spontaneously or after medical interventions, and in some cases can persist after withdrawal of glucose‐lowering pharmacotherapy. Such sustained improvement may now be occurring more often due to newer forms of treatment. However, terminology for describing this process and objective measures...

article

Potential adverse effects of botanical supplementation in high-fat-fed female mice

Scott Fuller, Yongmei Yu, Tamra Mendoza, David M. Ribnicky, more

Biology of Sex Differences > 2018 > 9 > 1 > 1-14

Background Insulin resistance underlies metabolic syndrome and is associated with excess adiposity and visceral fat accumulation, which is more frequently observed in males than females. However, in young females, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is rising, mainly driven by accumulation of abdominal visceral fat. The degree to which sex-related differences could influence the development of insulin...

article

Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even without Weight Loss in Men with Prediabetes

Elizabeth F. Sutton, Robbie Beyl, Kate S. Early, William T. Cefalu, more

Cell Metabolism > 2018 > 27 > 6 > 1212-1221.e3

Intermittent fasting (IF) improves cardiometabolic health; however, it is unknown whether these effects are due solely to weight loss. We conducted the first supervised controlled feeding trial to test whether IF has benefits independent of weight loss by feeding participants enough food to maintain their weight. Our proof-of-concept study also constitutes the first trial of early time-restricted...

article

Skeletal muscle ceramides and daily fat oxidation in obesity and diabetes

Nicholas T. Broskey, Diana N. Obanda, Jeffrey H. Burton, William T. Cefalu, more

Metabolism > 2018 > 82 > C > 118-123

Ectopic accumulation of lipids in skeletal muscle and the formation of deleterious lipid intermediates is thought to contribute to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Similarly, impaired fat oxidation (metabolic inflexibility) are predictors of weight gain and the development of T2DM; however, no study has investigated the relation between muscle ceramide accumulation...

article

An Extract of Russian Tarragon Prevents Obesity‐Related Ectopic Lipid Accumulation

Yongmei Yu, Tamra M. Mendoza, David M. Ribnicky, Alexander Poulev, more

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research > 62 > 8 > n/a - n/a

Scope The primary disorder underlying metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance due to excess body weight and abdominal visceral fat accumulation. In this study, it is asked if dietary intake of an ethanolic extract from Russian tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L., termed PMI5011), shown to improve glucose utilization by enhancing insulin signaling in skeletal muscle, could prevent obesity‐induced...

article

Dietary chromium supplementation for targeted treatment of diabetes patients with comorbid depression and binge eating

Kimberly A. Brownley, Charlotte A. Boettiger, Laura Young, William T. Cefalu

Medical Hypotheses > 2015 > 85 > 1 > 45-48

Dietary chromium supplementation for the treatment of diabetes remains controversial. The prevailing view that chromium supplementation for glucose regulation is unjustified has been based upon prior studies showing mixed, modest-sized effects in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Based on chromium’s potential to improve insulin, dopamine, and serotonin function, we hypothesize that chromium has...

article

Modulation of sphingolipid metabolism with calorie restriction enhances insulin action in skeletal muscle

Diana N. Obanda, Yongmei Yu, Zhong Q. Wang, William T. Cefalu

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry > 2015 > 26 > 7 > 687-695

This study sought to investigate the effect of calorie restriction (CR) on skeletal muscle sphingolipid metabolism and its contribution to improved insulin action in rats after a 6-month feeding study. Twenty nine (29) male Fischer 344 rats were randomized to an ad libitum (AL) diet or 30% CR. Dietary intake, body weight and insulin sensitivity were monitored. After 6 months, skeletal muscle (vastus...

chapter

The relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes—the role of gut factors

Daniel S. Hsia, William T. Cefalu

International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus > Obesity > 467 - 478

With the introduction of incretin‐based therapy for type 2 diabetes, it is clear that there are alterations in gut hormones that affect glycemia. Gut hormones have important roles in the regulation of appetite, food intake, and insulin secretion. There is also emerging understanding of the role gut microbiota play in modulating physiologic processes contributing to human health. The precise role that...

article

22. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Dapagliflozin in Patients with T2DM and Cardiovascular Disease (106-OR)

William T. Cefalu, Lawrence A. Leiter, Eva Johnsson, Jennifer Sugg, more

Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Diabetologie > 2015 > 13 > 3 > 77-78

Samenvatting Given the high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients (pts) with T2DM, it is important to assess the efficacy and safety of antihyperglycemic agents in this population. This study reports pooled data from 2 phase 3 studies (NCT01031680, NCT01042977) in pts with T2DM and CVD treated with 10 mg/d DAPA (n = 284) or placebo (PBO) (n = 284) who entered the 2 year follow-up period...

article

Effects of canagliflozin on body weight and relationship to HbA_1c and blood pressure changes in patients with type 2 diabetes

William T. Cefalu, Kaj Stenlöf, Lawrence A. Leiter, John P. H. Wilding, more

Diabetologia > 2015 > 58 > 6 > 1183-1187

Aims/hypothesis Canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, reduces HbA_1c, body weight and systolic BP (SBP) in patients with type 2 diabetes. As weight loss is known to reduce both HbA_1c and SBP, these analyses were performed to evaluate the contribution of weight loss resulting from treatment with canagliflozin to HbA_1c and SBP reductions in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods...

article

Blood pressure and heart failure risk among diabetic patients

Wenhui Zhao, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Ronald Horswell, Weiqin Li, more

International Journal of Cardiology > 2014 > 176 > 1 > 125-132

Blood pressure (BP) control has been shown to reduce the risk of heart failure (HF) among diabetic patients; however, it is not known whether the lowest clinical BP achieved ultimately results in the lowest risk of HF in diabetic patients.We performed a prospective cohort study which included 17,181 African American and 12,446 white diabetic patients without established coronary heart disease and...

article

Dapagliflozin Added to Usual Care in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease: A 24‐Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Study with a 28‐Week Extension

Lawrence A. Leiter, William T. Cefalu, Tjerk W. A. Bruin, Ingrid Gause‐Nilsson, more

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society > 62 > 7 > 1252 - 1262

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of dapagliflozin, a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, for the treatment of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD). DesignRandomized, double‐blind, age‐stratified (<65 and ≥65), 24‐week clinical trial with a 28‐week extension. SettingOne hundred seventy‐three centers in 10 countries. ParticipantsIndividuals...

article

An ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. regulates gene expression of ubiquitin–proteasome system enzymes in skeletal muscle: Potential role in the treatment of sarcopenic obesity

Heather Kirk-Ballard, Gail Kilroy, Britton C. Day, Zhong Q. Wang, more

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S21-S25

Obesity is linked to insulin resistance, a primary component of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. The problem of obesity-related insulin resistance is compounded when age-related skeletal muscle loss, called sarcopenia, occurs with obesity. Skeletal muscle loss results from elevated levels of protein degradation and prevention of obesity-related sarcopenic muscle loss will depend on strategies...

article

Botanicals and translational medicine: A paradigm shift in research approach

William T. Cefalu, Z. Elizabeth Floyd, Jacqueline M. Stephens, David M. Ribnicky

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S1-S3

article

Effects of Artemisia species on de novo lipogenesis in vivo

Jennifer C. Rood, Jean-Marc Schwarz, Thomas Gettys, Randall LL. Mynatt, more

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S17-S20

Botanical compounds and extracts are widely used as nutritional supplements for the promotion of health or the prevention of disease. An extract of Artemisia dracunculus (PMI 5011) has been shown to improve insulin action, yet the precise mechanism is not known. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the mechanism by which PMI 5011 and two related Artemisia extracts improve insulin action is...

article

Artemisia dracunculus L. polyphenols complexed to soy protein show enhanced bioavailability and hypoglycemic activity in C57BL/6 mice

David M. Ribnicky, Diana E. Roopchand, Alexander Poulev, Peter Kuhn, more

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S4-S10

Scientifically validated food-based interventions are a practical means of addressing the epidemic of metabolic syndrome. An ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. (PMI-5011) containing bioactive polyphenols, such as 2′, 4′–dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone (DMC-2), improved insulin resistance in vitro and in vivo. Plant polyphenols are concentrated and stabilized when complexed to protein-rich...

article

Screening native botanicals for bioactivity: An interdisciplinary approach

Anik Boudreau, Diana M. Cheng, Carmen Ruiz, David Ribnicky, more

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S11-S16

Plant-based therapies have been used in medicine throughout recorded history. Information about the therapeutic properties of plants often can be found in local cultures as folk medicine is communicated from one generation to the next. The aim of this study was to identify native Louisiana plants from Creole folk medicine as a potential source of therapeutic compounds for the treatment of insulin...

article

Bioactives from Artemisia dracunculus L. enhance insulin sensitivity via modulation of skeletal muscle protein phosphorylation

Indu Kheterpal, Peter Scherp, Lauren Kelley, Zhong Wang, more

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S43-S51

A botanical extract from Artemisia dracunculus L., termed PMI 5011, has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity by increasing cellular insulin signaling in in vitro and in vivo studies. These studies suggest that PMI 5011 effects changes in phosphorylation levels of proteins involved in insulin signaling. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of this promising botanical extract on the...

article

Bioactives of Artemisia dracunculus L. enhance insulin sensitivity by modulation of ceramide metabolism in rat skeletal muscle cells

Diana N. Obanda, David M. Ribnicky, Ilya Raskin, William T. Cefalu

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S59-S66

An increase in ectopic lipids in peripheral tissues has been implicated in attenuating insulin action. The botanical extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. (PMI 5011) improves insulin action, yet the precise mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether the mechanism by which the bioactive compounds in PMI 5011 improve insulin signaling is through regulation of ceramide metabolism...

article

Artemisia supplementation differentially affects the mucosal and luminal ileal microbiota of diet-induced obese mice

Shawna Wicks, Christopher M. Taylor, Meng Luo, Eugene Blanchard, more

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 7-8 Supplement > S26-S30

The gut microbiome has been implicated in obesity and metabolic syndrome; however, most studies have focused on fecal or colonic samples. Several species of Artemisia have been reported to ameliorate insulin signaling both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to characterize the mucosal and luminal bacterial populations in the terminal ileum with or without supplementation with Artemisia...

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: William T. Cefalu

Consensus report: Definition and interpretation of remission in type 2 diabetes

Potential adverse effects of botanical supplementation in high-fat-fed female mice

Early Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress Even without Weight Loss in Men with Prediabetes

Skeletal muscle ceramides and daily fat oxidation in obesity and diabetes

An Extract of Russian Tarragon Prevents Obesity‐Related Ectopic Lipid Accumulation

Dietary chromium supplementation for targeted treatment of diabetes patients with comorbid depression and binge eating

Modulation of sphingolipid metabolism with calorie restriction enhances insulin action in skeletal muscle

The relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes—the role of gut factors

22. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Dapagliflozin in Patients with T2DM and Cardiovascular Disease (106-OR)

Effects of canagliflozin on body weight and relationship to HbA_1c and blood pressure changes in patients with type 2 diabetes

Blood pressure and heart failure risk among diabetic patients

Dapagliflozin Added to Usual Care in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease: A 24‐Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Study with a 28‐Week Extension

An ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. regulates gene expression of ubiquitin–proteasome system enzymes in skeletal muscle: Potential role in the treatment of sarcopenic obesity

Botanicals and translational medicine: A paradigm shift in research approach

Effects of Artemisia species on de novo lipogenesis in vivo

Artemisia dracunculus L. polyphenols complexed to soy protein show enhanced bioavailability and hypoglycemic activity in C57BL/6 mice

Screening native botanicals for bioactivity: An interdisciplinary approach

Bioactives from Artemisia dracunculus L. enhance insulin sensitivity via modulation of skeletal muscle protein phosphorylation

Bioactives of Artemisia dracunculus L. enhance insulin sensitivity by modulation of ceramide metabolism in rat skeletal muscle cells

Artemisia supplementation differentially affects the mucosal and luminal ileal microbiota of diet-induced obese mice

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