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3D interconnected hierarchical porous N-doped carbon nanotubes (IHPNCs) were fabricated using palygorskite as template and polyaniline gel as carbon source, respectively. The prepared 3D IHPNCs show high specific surface area (517.02 m2 g−1), hierarchical porous structure (micropore (0.39 nm), mesopore (4.0 nm), macropore (≥50 nm)) and N-containing surface functionalities (pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N,...
Graphene-based hierarchically porous materials have exhibited enormous potentials in high-performance lithium-ion batteries. However, the electrochemical performance of these materials is hampered due to the detachment of active materials from graphene upon long-term cycling. Therefore, the interfacial design between active materials and graphene is crucial for their high performance in lithium-ion...
Graphene field-effect transistors (G-FETs) are being developed with ever increasing sensitivity as terahertz direct detectors at room temperature. The noise-equivalent power is being reduced towards the order of 1pW/Hz with frequency about 650 GHz. G-FET-based frequency multipliers and subharmonic mixers are becoming new active components for both millimeter and terahertz wave technologies. We report...
Porous carbons have been considered to be promising sorbents for carbon capture and sequestration. For achieving high capture capacity and CO2/N2 selectivity, precise control of porous structures and surface polarity is necessary. Herein we report the preparation of N-doped porous carbon via pyrolysis of microporous polyindole with KOH as the activator under N2. Analysis results suggest that nitrogen...
Owing to its superior mechanical properties, graphene has been used to reinforce and substantially improve the strength of composite materials. Still lacking, however, is a clear understanding of graphene's reinforcing mechanism at the atomic level, especially in relation to its pull-out behavior. By molecular dynamics (MD), it is found that pull-out of graphene, different from that of micro fibers,...
Dispersed incorporation of functional nanoparticles into ordered mesopores to exert their synergistic properties has shown a promising application, but proved to be a challenging task. Herein, a facile strategy based on solid-phase transformation of the template into polymer-coated carbonaceous nanodots (pCNDs) is used for direct synthesis of multifunctional mesoporous silica nanospheres (MFMSNs)...
A transparent graphene oxide layer on a non-conductive poly(ethylene terephthalate) film was treated by a new active screen plasma technology at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 200 °C in pure hydrogen and in a gas mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen. To study the thermal reducing effects of the active screen plasma, parallel thermal annealing treatments were also carried out at the same temperatures...
By doping graphene with iodine and ammonia, I and N co-doped graphene (ING) is prepared and used as metal free catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) both in alkaline and acidic media. The as-prepared catalyst exhibits striking activity in alkaline with an onset potential of 0.945 V (vs. RHE) which is the same with commercial Pt/C catalyst. In acidic media the ING shows a competitive activity...
I-doped graphene is synthesized by a facile heat treatment method and used as anode material for lithium ion battery. The doped graphene exhibits high reversible capacity (1690mAhg−1 at 100mAg−1), good cyclability (retaining 92.6% reversible capacity after 200 cycles) and excellent rate performance compared with undoped graphene. The superior electrochemical performance of the I-doped graphene is...
The relationship between the interfacial bonding, microstructure and mechanical properties of the poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide nanocomposites (PVA/GO) has been investigated by controlling the water content through a dehydration process. The interfacial bonding in PVA/GO was predominantly by hydrogen bonds which were strongly affected by the dehydration process. Micro-voids in the microstructure...
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attractive candidates as nanofillers in reinforcing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) due to their superior mechanical properties. In this study, the engineering properties of CNT–OPC pastes were investigated with varied ultrasonication energy (UE) and CNT concentration. It was found that UE could effectively improve the aqueous dispersion of surface functionalized CNTs with...
Ultrasonication is extensively used in the fabrication of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced composites. However, there has been very limited research into predicting the effect of ultrasonication treatment on the reinforcing efficiency of CNTs. In this study, a theoretical framework with supporting experiments is developed to address this issue. The distribution of CNT lengths and the concentration...
A graphene film was synthesized using chemical vapor deposition and then transferred to a flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate. The nanomechanical properties of the graphene/PET (G/PET) system were investigated by nanoindentation. The hardness (H) and reduced modulus (E r ) of PET and G/PET were calculated using the Oliver–Pharr method with corrections for creep and material...
A novel two-step process combining surface catalyzed process with segregation growth was used to prepare single crystal hexagonal bilayer graphene domains on Cu metal substrates by ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition. Carbon atoms are first dissolved into the quasi-melting Cu metal at 1080°C and then segregated on the Cu surface to form nucleation centers of single-layer graphene during cooling...
Stable carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogels were produced by forming a three-dimensional assembly of CNTs in solution to create a stable gel using a chemical cross-linker, followed by a CO 2 supercritical drying. Thermal annealing of these aerogels in air can significantly improve their electrical and mechanical properties, and increase their surface area and porosity by re-opening the originally...
In-plane aligned carbon nanotube–polymer composite thin films with submicrometer thickness on unmodified SiO 2 surfaces are fabricated using the spincoating alignment technique, which is simple, integratable to the manufacture process of organic devices, and applicable to various matrix polymers (e.g. polycarbonate and polythiophene). Controlled manipulation of the nanotube alignment in a...
We demonstrate that both single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) types and nanotube-matrix polymer-nanotube (CNT–P–CNT) junctions have profound impact on electro-optical properties of SWCNT/polymer composites. Composite IR sensors based on CoMoCAT ® -produced SWCNTs (SWCNTs CoMoCAT ) significantly outperform those based on HiPco ® -produced SWCNTs (SWCNTs HiPco ). Higher...
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) functionalized by ferrocene-grafted poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)s can gelate common organic solvents such as chloroform to form a freestanding carbon nanotube organogel that cannot be redispersed in any organic solvents, indicating the robustness of 3D nanotube network. The drying of SWNT gel on silicon wafer in the air gives a highly convoluted film that is composed...
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