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In this paper, we propose an algorithm that determines the optimal user equipment (UE) and base station (BS) association in heterogeneous cellular network, aiming at minimizing network energy consumption and avoiding frequent pico base station (PBS) mode switching, by taking into account the energy consumption of PBS switching-on/off operation. We first formulate the energy minimization problem into...
Protection in distribution has been a difficult problem for a long time, because distribution lines are relatively shorter in distribution system and there are more cascade switches than the electrical transmission system. Based on the peer-to-peer communication system, a new protection theory for the multiple power and loop connection structure is brought forward in this paper. It ensures the switch...
Based on the peer-to-peer communication system, a new protection theory for the multiple power and radialized connection structure is brought forward in this paper. By the peer-to-peer communication system, the theory can fulfill the coordination between the protection relays and improve the speed and selectivity of distribution system protection. It solves the cooperation difficulty between different...
For the problem of the distribution network reconfiguration. This article describes the three network reconfiguration scheme. Adhere to the principle of “Step by Step” and gradually upgrade, the automation level of a system can be enhanced. The local intelligence mode is a foundation function, it is easy to implement without the communication system and the host station. On the basis of the local...
There are circulating currents among the parallel inverters. Based on the existing researches on circulating currents, an accurate model of switching frequency circulating current is proposed in this paper. Moreover, the relationships between the circuit parameters and switching frequency circulating current are investigated and analyzed in detail. Based on the analytical results, favorable design...
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been used recently a lot in military applications as well as in civilian. It shows great advantages and importance in the search and rescue, real-time surveillance, reconnaissance operations, traffic monitoring, hazardous site inspection and range extension. Moreover, UAVs are suited for situations that are too dangerous for direct human monitoring. In general, UAVs...
This paper presents an active fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme for linear systems subject to input constraints and actuator failures. The proposed scheme is based on integrating model predictive control (MPC), fault-detection filter and soft switching approach. Multiple MPC controllers are designed beforehand; one is used as primary control configuration, and the others are used as backup control...
Due to the switching operation, the pulse-width modulation (PWM) converters are inherent time-variant systems with comprehensive dynamics. The generalized state-space averaging (GSSA) method is an approach to model them as time-invariant systems, defined by a set of differential equations and capable of representing circuit waveforms. This paper proposes a new generalized state-space averaging model...
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