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We experimentally evaluated the estimation accuracy of nonlinear noise models under various transmission conditions, where several different modulation formats, WDM channel configurations, and fiber launch power cases were considered. We found that the approximate EGN model has high estimation accuracy, showing good agreement with the experimental results.
We numerically investigate the transmission performance of 3-bit/symbol modulation formats in dispersion-unmanaged transmission systems. We find that probabilistic-shaped 64QAM has higher achievable rate than the other formats in back-to-back condition as well as after transmission.
We show that 32 GBaud single- and multi-carrier DP-QPSK can deliver longer reach for the same capacity as 64 GBaud DP-QPSK. However, 64 GBaud multi-carrier DP-QPSK signal can provide 12% longer reach than single-carrier 32 GBaud DP-QPSK.
A perturbation-based digital nonlinear compensation and effective means of using it in an optical network were reviewed, and a real-time transmission by a 100 Gbit/s transceiver with the implemented digital nonlinear compensator was demonstrated.
We present a modulation format adaptation experiment on a real-time DSP and field-installed fiber using pilot-aided OSNR estimation. With modulation adaptation, 56-channel 400Gbps-2SC-PDM-16QAM and 200Gbps-2SC-PDM-QPSK signals are successfully transmitted over 216km and 3246km SSMF, respectively.
We numerically and experimentally investigate spectrum optimization techniques including adjustment of subcarrier symbol rate and subcarrier frequency spacing for multi-subcarrier modulation. Improvement of nonlinear tolerance is experimentally evaluated in Nyquist-FDM-DP-QPSK through 2,400 km transmission.
We propose combined nonlinear mitigation technique for superchannel transmission. We experimentally demonstrate 3.1 dB performance improvement by optimizing subcarrier power pre-emphasis and applying digital nonlinear compensator with perturbation back-propagation algorithm for four-subcarrier DP-QPSK superchannel in 900 km dispersion-uncompensated transmission.
We propose and numerically evaluate a novel sub-band processing architecture for computational complexity reduction of the perturbation-based nonlinear compensator. The complexity is reduced by a factor of 12.4 in 3000-km transmission with 0.1 dB penalty.
We propose a novel PDL-tolerant signal generation and reception method without additional optical devices and numerically demonstrate its efficiency for a 128 Gbit/s 2 subcarrier Nyquist-FDM DP-QPSK signal.
We propose an individual channel launch power control method co-operated with nonlinear compensation in digital signal processing. Its effectiveness is evaluated in a network case study with various distances and modulation formats by numerical simulation.
We numerically confirm that duobinary-pulse format suffers larger nonlinear impairment than NRZ and Nyquist-pulse formats. Nonlinearity-induced penalty, however, is found to be constant against the channel spacing in super-Nyquist WDM transmission. Also, we evaluate the benefit of digital nonlinear compensation.
In order to push the nonlinear Shannon limit further within practical implementation constraints, we discuss various nonlinear compensation techniques for intra- and inter-subcarrier nonlinear effects. Experimental and numerical results prove the benefit is not just pre-FEC BER improvement.
We confirm backward-propagation nonlinear compensation makes noise statistics after nonlinear transmission closer to Gaussian and recovers the performance of low-density parity-check (LDPC) code with superchannel signal that consists of densely packed 5 × 34-GBd Nyquist dual-polarization 16QAM.
We propose and numerically evaluate a symbol degeneration method to simplify the perturbation-based nonlinear equalizer for 16QAM. The proposed method shows better performance than previously proposed simplification method without increasing computational complexity.
We propose a decision-aided intra-channel nonlinear equalizer based on a perturbation method, which offers one-stage compensation and symbol rate operation. It tolerates errors in decision-aided data and shows fine performance in 128Gbit/s DP-QPSK transmission experiment.
We evaluate the performance improvement in the presence of fiber nonlinearity obtained using a Turbo equalizer. Numerical simulation shows that Turbo equalization offers an improvement of 0.8 dB in a 100 Gb/s NZ-DSF transmission, even with only 5 taps for the MAP estimation.
We experimentally investigate the impact of nonlinearity on cycle slip probability and demonstrate its reduction by perturbation back-propagation algorithm in 224 Gb/s DP-16QAM transmission with 50 and 37.5 GHz-grid over large-Aeff pure silica core fiber.
We propose and numerically evaluate a simplified pre-distortion algorithm to compensate intra-channel nonlinearity for 16QAM, which provides gate-count reduction through multiplier-free implementation. We confirm the tolerance to chromatic dispersion uncertainty and the applicability to different pulse formats.
We investigate the impact of perturbation back-propagation algorithm on distribution of nonlinear noise in 224 Gb/s DP-16QAM transmission over large-Aeff pure silica core fiber and show the distribution approaches to Gaussian by the nonlinear compensation.
We experimentally demonstrate that the transmitter-side non-linear mitigation, combination of non-linear pre-distortion with RZ carving is robust against polarization mode dispersion and polarization dependent loss in real-time 112 Gb/s DP-QPSK transmission over 2,000km mixed fiber link.
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