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A novel Metamaterial Dipole Model (MDM) has been proposed as a powerful tool for modeling and designing metasurface antennas for numerous applications such as beamforming arrays, holograms, and flat lenses among others. In this technique, a metasurface antenna is described as a collection of effective magnetic dipoles characterized by their polarizability. The utility of this modeling technique relies...
Direct UV written planar waveguides in silica have been explored for over two decades [1]. The technique is capable of fabricating low-loss channel waveguides, couplers and Bragg gratings by translating an appropriate substrate through a focused UV beam. To date direct UV written waveguides have been primarily formed by using 244nm laser light, relying on the photosensitivity provided by germanium...
The reliable generation of high-quality single photons has long been a goal of research in photonic quantum information. Direct-UV-written (DUW) silica-on-silicon waveguides provide a reproducible, uniform, low-loss, and fiber-compatible platform for the integration of spontaneous four-wave mixing-based heralded single-photon sources [1]. To overcome limitations caused by Rayleigh scattering, which...
There is increasing demand for low noise, narrow linewidth lasers for applications including spectroscopy, ion traps for optical clocks and gravitational waves measurements. External cavity diode lasers (ECDL) can provide a compact, low cost solution; however these are typically available at a limited range of optical frequencies. The increase in applications requiring robust laser systems (e.g. space...
Quantum optics experiments are increasingly taking an integrated format for the benefits of phase stability and scalability. Silica has proved an advantageous material for this work due to its low propagation loss and high-efficiency coupling to optical fibre, and a number of key on-chip experiments have already been carried out with up to four photons using this material [1]. Fabrication imperfections...
Optical quantum Information Processing makes use of the quantum mechanical properties of single photons to achieve useful information processing functions. This talk will present work carried out at the University of Southampton on the fabrication of optical waveguide device to realize essential functions for all optical quantum information handling. Utilizing silica-on-silicon as a platform and direct...
We investigate theoretically and experimentally the nonlinear propagation of surface plasmons on an air/gold interface which reveals large and ultrafast (∼100 fs) self-induced absorption. The experiment enables a direct measurement of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility.
The recent trend towards integration of quantum optics experiments has produced a demand for on-chip single photon detectors with high quantum efficiencies. In previous work we demonstrated integrated photon number resolving detectors for use at telecommunications wavelengths [1], here we outline developments of this design which have enabled improvements in the quantum efficiency, permitting an on-chip...
Tilted Bragg grating refractometers have been subject to continuous interest in recent years [1]. They operate by diffracting a well-confined core mode into a discrete set of cladding [2] or plasmonic modes [3], whose properties are dependent upon an external refractive index. Traditionally these components have been fabricated in an optical fibre platform. However, recent work from the authors has...
To achieve low-loss free space coupling for integrated optics, device facets need to be smooth, free of chips and flat. The typical route for accomplishing these requirements is by traditional lapping and polishing. We report that high quality optical quality facets with a Sa = 4.9 nm can be machined using a simple dicing technique. In order to directly measure the scatter loss a device with a series...
We demonstrate a high-efficiency, photon-number resolving transition edge sensor, integrated on an optical silica waveguide structure. The detector consists of three individual absorber/sensor devices providing a total system detection efficiency of up to 93% for single photons at a wavelength of 1551.9 nm. This new design enables high fidelity detection of quantum information processes in on-chip...
UV written planar Bragg grating sensors have been shown to form effective refractometers. Here we show that by using the birefringence of an integrated waveguide a temperature insensitive Bragg grating refractometer can be realised.
We present a direct UV-written integrated photonic circuit with on-chip phase control through a thermo-optic phase shifter. An arbitrary beam splitter and a two-photon N00N state are demonstrated with high visibility interference.
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