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Carbonatites are known to contain the highest concentrations of rare-earth elements (REE) among all igneous rocks. The REE distribution of carbonatites is commonly believed to be controlled by that of the rock-forming Ca minerals (i.e., calcite, dolomite, and ankerite) and apatite because of their high modal content and tolerance for the substitution of Ca by light REE (LREE). Contrary to this conjecture,...
Although carbonatites potentially contain a larger concentration of rare earth elements (REEs) than any rock type, the origin of the REE mineralization in the world's largest Bayan Obo carbonatite-related deposit is still disputed. In order to clarify the mechanism of REE mineralization, carbonatite samples from three large REE deposits in China, Daluxiang, Maoniuping and Bayan Obo were compared....
The Qinling is an important orogenic belt, which formed by the joining of the North China and South China blocks. The Shaxiongdong carbonatite–syenite complexes were emplaced at the southern margin of South Qinling and border the South China block. LA-ICPMS (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) zircon U–Pb geochronology constrains the syenite emplacement age to be 441.8±2.2 Ma,...
The Lesser Qinling carbonatite dykes are mainly composed of calcites. They are characterized by unusually high heavy rare earth element concentrations (HREE; e.g. Yb>30 ppm) and flat to weakly light rare earth element (LREE) enriched chondrite-normalized patterns (La/Yb n =1.0–5.5), which is in marked contrast with all other published carbonatite data. The trace element contents of calcite...
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