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Acoustic scattering from the rough sea bottom is recognized as a main source in reverberation. Scattering properties from a layered bottom was studied based on finite element model. The scattering strength and scattering loss from an ensemble of rough interface realizations were investigated. It was found that they were dependent on the thickness of sediment and interference is significant in thin...
Forward scattering always occurs when an intruder moves into an underwater area between a source and a receiver. The detection of this forward-scattered signal is a challenge because a strong direct blast overwhelms the forward-scattered signal. The key for the detection is to suppress the direct blast and extract the aberration from the background acoustic field. Two schemes of the detection are...
Forward scattering is a special phenomenon for bi-static sonars, and it has received much attention in recent years because it can provide a lot of useful information for estimations. In this paper, two kinds of speed estimation method are proposed for forward scattering. Very simple geometrical principles are used in the two methods, and the complex acoustic field is not needed to be calculated when...
When an object crosses the source-receiver line, a weak acoustic field aberration would be generated. However, it is often overwhelmed by strong direct blast. A lake experiment with a vertical receiver array spanning along water column was designed and conducted, with a 10 kHz pulse. The interested signal was the aberration caused by the forward scattering of a submerged object. The acoustic field...
The bistatic sonar can't detect the target nearby the baseline because of the effect of direct wave. The forward target strength is 15 dB above the other direction according to the Babinet's principle. This phenomenon could be utilized for target detection. The three key points including forward target strength, sonar coverage and system response time are discussed. The derivation of the forward target...
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