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For a grid-connected AC microgrid (MG), when a fault occurs at the microgrid, adaptive overcurrent (OC) or directional overcurrent (DOC) relays must be activated as fast as possible to protect all distributed generation (DG) units and loads. Fault currents inside the grid-connected AC microgrid can be significantly varied because fault current contributions from the main grid and DG units are different...
This paper introduces uni-grounded low-voltage (LV) AC microgrid configurations. A generalised fault protection structure is proposed for all different uni-grounded LVAC microgrids. This protection structure consists of six individual protection zones in a uni-grounded LVAC microgrid. They are protection zones of distributed generators (DGs) and energy storage devices (ESSs), transformers, power converters,...
This paper proposes possible fault protection solutions for an ungrounded AC microgrid (MG) based on a review on existing microgrid protection solutions in recent years. A generalized fault protection system of ungrounded low-voltage (LV) AC microgrids is divided into six individual protection zones including: (i) protection of distributed generators (DGs) and energy storage devices; (ii) protection...
Relay nodes (RN) have been suggested to be placed near the edge of a cellular network in order to improve link qualities of cell edge user equipments (UEs). Compared to conventional homogeneous networks, system performance for the relay-enhanced network can be significantly degraded if handovers between the RNs and evolved node base-station (eNB) are not correctly and immediately determined by the...
This paper studies the joint resource allocation problem of antenna, subchannel, transmission power, and phase duration for the relay-enhanced bidirectional multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) networks. The goal of resource allocation is to minimize the transmission energy in the networks with multiple relay stations (RSs) under the data rate constraints...
This paper studies the subchannel and power allocation problem in the relay-enhanced downlink orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems. The challenges of this resource allocation problem arise from the complication of two-phase assignments within a subchannel since the relay station (RS) can provide an additional two-hop signal path from the base station to the user equipments...
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