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A controlled-swap operation for photons using two optical paths as a control qubit is demonstrated. The overlap between the input states can be directly evaluated by measuring the interference fringe visibility of the control qubit.
We report the first experimental observation of a three-photon N00N state exhibiting Young's double-slit type spatial quantum interference. Compared to a single-photon state, the three-photon entangled state generates interference fringes that are three times denser.
A heralded three-photon NOON state is generated from two pairs of photons produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). The measured four-photon coincidences reveal fringes three times finer than single-photon interference.
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