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Active voltage balance has been a popular voltage balance method in high power supercapacitor applications. In this paper, an improved active voltage balance strategy is proposed for renewable generation energy storage systems. First, we propose an improved active voltage balance circuit based on the multi-winding transformer. A clamping capacitor is inserted in the primary side of the transformer...
Recent advancement in the field of electrical technology and cyber-physical energy system (CPES) has brought the key towards challenging issues regarding transparency of information management and efficient allocation of energy. This paper is dedicated to a CPES that deals with an electric light rail that involves large number of distributed and globally interconnected supercapacitor energy storage...
In this paper, a generalized extended state observer (GESO) is proposed to accurately observe supercapacitor's state of charge (SOC) by counteracting the modeling deviation and disturbances. With the consideration of dynamic modeling uncertainty and disturbances, a nonlinear mathematical model is established based on the three branch equivalent circuit model for supercapacitor (SC). A GESO is designed...
In this paper, a distributed extended state observer (ESO) based cooperative control is proposed to achieve current-sharing for parallel chargers under disturbances in energy storage type light rail vehicle systems. By treating the parallel charging system as a nonlinear and non-identical multiagent system, the current-sharing objective is converted as a distributed leader-follower consensus problem...
In this paper, a cooperative charging strategy is proposed for onboard supercapacitors of catenary-free trams. The multi-module charging system consists of n buck converters connected in parallel. The parallel-input parallel-output (PIPO) charging system is modeled mathematically using the averaging method. A cooperative constant-current charging control strategy is designed using the leader-follower...
In this paper, an adaptive extremum seeking control strategy with sliding mode is develop to charge the ultracapacitor light rail vehicles. Compared with existing model-based charging algorithms, the proposed extremum seeking (ES) charging control strategy is model-free, which implies that it can handle the ageing effect of ultracapacitors well. Moreover, a sliding mode mechanism is embedded into...
An “all-in-one” mesh typed integrated energy unit is developed which converts solar energy to electric energy and stores it simultaneously. The entire integrated device operates in uniform electrolyte system which contains 0.8M Na2S, 0.8M S, and 2M KCl. A double-sided mesh electrode coated with Cu2S film and carbon nanoparticles is shared by both energy conversion and storage sections. The device...
A simple, low cost and efficient flexible sandwich structure supercapacitor is developed using stainless steel mesh as electrode and commercial pen ink as active material by means of a facile and environment-friendly process. The devices show good capacitance performance, such as high specific capacitance, low inner resistance, high energy density and power density, and ultra-long cycle lifetime....
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