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Sesquitepenoids inuloxins A–D, belonging to different subgroups, were isolated from Dittrichia viscosa and showed potential biocontrol of some parasitic plants as Pelipanche, Orobanche, and Cuscuta species. The absolute configurations of the first three inuloxins A–C were previously determined by using experimental and computational chiroptical spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of...
Plants and fungi are seemingly inexhaustible sources of interesting natural products with remarkable structural and biological diversity. One of the most important groups is the terpenes, ubiquitous natural products that are generated by 2 now well‐established biosynthetic pathways: the older mevalonate and the more recently discovered 1‐deoxyxylulose‐5‐phosphate. Among the diterpenes, the pimarane...
Pyricularia grisea has been identified as a foliar pathogen on buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris) in North America and was studied as a potential source of phytotoxins for buffelgrass control. Two monosubstituted hex‐4‐ene‐2,3‐diols, named pyriculins A and B, were isolated from its culture filtrate organic extract together with (10S,11S)‐(−)‐epipyriculol, trans‐3,4‐dihydro‐3,4,8‐trihydroxy‐1(2H)‐napthalenone,...
The cover image, by Alessio Cimmino et al., is based on the Special Issue Article Amaryllidaceae alkaloids: Absolute configuration and biological activity, DOI: 10.1002/chir.22719. Photo Credit: Antonio Evidente.
Plants belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family are well known for their ornamental and medicinal use. Plant members of this group are distributed through both tropical and subtropical regions of the world and are dominant in Andean South America, the Mediterranean basin, and southern Africa. Amaryllidaceae plants have been demonstrated to be a good source of alkaloids with a large spectrum of biological...
A new 3‐substituted‐5‐diazenylcyclopentendione named kongiidiazadione was isolated from culture filtrates of Diaporthe kongii, associated with stem cankers on sunflower in Australia. Kongiidiazadione was characterized by spectroscopic (essentially nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] and high‐resolution, electrospray ionization, mass spectrometry [HRESIMS]) methods as (−)‐5‐diazenyl‐3‐hydroxymethyl‐cyclopent‐3‐en‐1,2‐dione...
A time‐dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) computational simulation of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum of the phytotoxin scytalone (1), produced by different plant pathogenic fungi and involved in melanin production, was undertaken with the aim to establish a nonempirical correlation between the spectrum and the absolute configuration of this compound. In fact, very low optical...
Phytotoxins are secondary microbial metabolites that play an essential role in the development of disease symptoms induced by fungi on host plants. Although phytotoxins can cause extensive—and in some cases devastating—damage to agricultural crops, they can also represent an important tool to develop natural herbicides when produced by fungi and plants to inhibit the growth and spread of weeds. An...
Toxins produced by phytopathogenic fungi assume great importance because of their involvement in several plant diseases. Although such pathogens are known to have seriously damaged crops, forest, and environmental resources, they represent a very important tool to develop new environmentally friendly herbicides and fungicides. This review deals with the relationships between the biological activity...
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