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Environmentally friendly product, calcium–silica–aluminum hydrate, was synthesized from oil shale fly ash, which is rendered so far partly as an industrial waste. Reaction conditions were: temperature 130 and 160°C, NaOH concentrations 1, 3, 5 and 8M and synthesis time 24h. Optimal conditions were found to be 5M at 130°C at given parameter range. Original and activated ash samples were characterized...
The influence of the alkaline medium on the hydrothermal activation of the oil shale fly ash with NaOH and KOH was studied using SEM/EDX, XRD, 29 Si and 27 Al high-resolution MAS-NMR spectra. In the presence of NaOH the silicon in the original fly ash was completely converted into calcium–aluminum–silicate–hydrates, mainly into 1.1nm tobermorite structure during 24-h treatment at 160°C...
The hydrothermal alkaline activation of the oil shale fly ash was studied using SEM/EDX, XRD and 29 Si and 27 Al high-resolution MAS-NMR spectra. The silicon in the original fly ashes was completely converted into calcium-alumino-silicate hydrates, mainly into 1.1nm tobermorite structure during 24h treatment under hydrothermal conditions at 160°C in the presence of NaOH. The local...
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