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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction is thought to play a significant role in several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral ischemia, and the prion diseases. ER dysfunction can be mimicked by cellular stress signals such as disruption of calcium homeostasis, inhibition of protein...
Interferons (IFNs) are a family of cytokines that exhibit antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory properties. PKR (protein kinase, RNA activated) is of central importance in mediating the antiproliferative actions of IFNs. Our research has established that PKR inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by regulating G1 to S transition. Many cardiovascular diseases result...
HOXA9 is a homeobox transcription factor expressed in endothelial cells (EC) and its expression is rapidly downregulated during EC activation by inflammatory signals like tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Recently, we have shown that HOXA9 overexpression prevents EC activation by inhibiting NF-κB activity, which suggests that HOXA9 downregulation is an essential event for...
PACT is a stress-modulated, cellular activator of interferon (IFN)-induced double-stranded (ds) RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) and is an important regulator of PKR-dependent signaling pathways. The research presented here is aimed at understanding the regulation of PACT expression in mammalian cells. PACT is expressed ubiquitously in different cell types at varying abundance. We have characterized...
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