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The Nd-Fe-B magnets have attracted continuous interests in both technological and scientific fields because of their superior magnetic properties. However, the applications of the magnets have been hindered, especially, in price-sensitive areas by their relatively high cost. For the Nd-Fe-B magnets, neodymium nearly accounted for 90 % of the cost of raw materials. The price of Ce is only one tenth...
Because of the high saturation magnetization (μ0Ms=1.6 T) and high magnetocrystalline anisotropy (Ku=4.5 MJ/m3) of the Nd2Fe14B phase, anisotropic Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets exhibit the highest energy product (474 kJ/m) of all the permanent magnetic materials[1]. However, the issue on substitution of Pr-Nd or Nd by Ce attracted renewed attention, due to the cost pressure of Nd, PrNd alloy and the large...
Die upsetting is an effective method to produce bulk anisotropic Nd-Fe-B magnets with nanostructure and full density [1]. A variety of experimental evidence suggests that the grain boundary a play key role in magnetic hardening [2]. Therefore, the grain boundary diffusion method is an effective way to improve the coercivity of die-upset magnet [3, 4]. However, the special role of the grain boundary...
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