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Post-licensure real world evaluation of vaccine implementation is important for establishing evidence of vaccine effectiveness (VE) and programme impact, including indirect effects. Large cohort studies offer an important epidemiological approach for evaluating VE, but have inherent methodological challenges.Since March 2012, we have conducted an open prospective cohort study in two sites in rural...
Anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA, BioThrax®) is recommended for post-exposure prophylaxis administration for the US population in response to large-scale Bacillus anthracis spore exposure. However, no information exists on AVA use in children and ethical barriers exist to performing pre-event pediatric AVA studies. A Presidential Ethics Commission proposed a potential pathway for such studies utilizing...
The effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine may be influenced by mismatches to circulating influenza viruses. The relationship of these vaccine mismatches to the occurrence of medically attended acute respiratory illnesses (MAARI)-related emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for all Maryland residents aged 50 years or older was examined for seven years (2001–2008). Also, relationships...
Special mass influenza vaccination programs of elementary school-aged children (ESAC) in some or all Maryland Counties were conducted during the falls of 2005–2007. From 3% to 46% of ESAC received live attenuated influenza vaccine during these county programs, which were in addition to routine influenza vaccination efforts conducted in county medical offices. Anonymous, all cause public school absentee...
Special influenza vaccination programs of elementary school-aged children (ESAC) in some or all of Maryland Counties were conducted during the falls of 2005–2007. Rates of emergency department (E.D.) visits and hospitalizations for medically attended acute respiratory illnesses (MAARI) as well as deaths due to pneumonia and influenza for county residents were determined. The degree to which these...
Recombinant baculovirus-expressed hemagglutinin (rHA [FluBlok ® ]) influenza vaccine is unique in avoiding production in eggs and its rapid production capability.Compare the safety and immunogenicity of trivalent FluBlok to egg-grown trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) in children.Healthy children were randomized to receive two doses of study vaccines. TIV (7.5μg HA/antigen), FluBlok-22.5 (22...
The objective of this study was to examine vaccine type-specific antibody titers eight months after a five-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-HIV-infected children under two years of age. Sixteen HIV-infected and 14 non-HIV-infected children under two years of age, and of similar age, race and sex distribution, received three doses (separated...
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