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Thymosin alpha 1 (Tα1), an immunoactive peptide, has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in human leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, and other human cancers. However, the response and molecular mechanism of breast cancer cells exposed to Tα1 remain unclear. PTEN, a tumor suppressor gene, is frequently mutated in a variety of human cancers. In the present study,...
Autophagy is a cell protective mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis. The present study aimed to investigate whether autophagy is enhanced in the biomechanically induced degenerative cartilage of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the potential role of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 3 (MAP4K3) and mammalian Target of rapamycin (mTOR) in this observation. To induce...
Objective To investigate the effect of experimentally created disordered occlusion (ECDO) on cell death and proliferation in rat mandibular condylar cartilage. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In the experimental groups, ECDO was created by the dental orthodontic method. By means of histological evaluation, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining,...
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