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Network lifetime is the prime factor in wireless sensor networks which consists nodes with limited energy. Gathering information efficiently in critical situation in sensor network for a long period of time is required efficient protocols. The LEACH (Lower-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) and PEGASIS (Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems) protocols are perfect solutions to...
Sensor nodes are very important attribute in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), due to communication over wireless links but it has some constrains i.e. limited transmission range, processing, storage capacity and energy. To get secure communication under these circumstances SPIN protocol incorporated data security for transferring data safely to the destination. To overcome the problem of SPIN protocol...
The most important routing protocol LEACH of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been incorporated by W. Heinzelman. LEACH uses the concept of dynamic clustering when sensor nodes are deploying randomly. Therefore the number of cluster impact on the network. This paper describes the network quality that depends on the optimum selection of number of clusterhead in Modified LEACH protocol using new...
In a small cell network, it becomaes important to support Self-Organizing Network capabilities such as dynamic optimization. A User Equipment (UE) in a LTE network measures signal strength from neighboring access points (APs) and inform this to serving AP. Serving AP creates a Neighbor Cell List that has candidate APs for handover purpose. In this paper, we propose an enhanced Automatic Neighbor Relationship...
The network lifetime always a critical issue in sensor networks because the sensor nodes are characterized by restricted and non-replaceable energy supply. Thus maximizing lifetime of network by minimizing energy consumption poses a challenge in design of protocols. Therefore, proper organization of clustering and orientation of nodes within the cluster becomes one of the important issue to extend...
A wireless sensor network (WSN) has to maintain a desirable sensing area of coverage and periodically report sensed data to the administrative center (i.e., base station, router etc.). Then the coverage area of the movement of sensors and lifetime are two important problems in a WSN due to constraint of limited battery energy. Sensors are usually deployed randomly in coverage area of interest and...
Analysis for the propagation of shear waves in an internal magnetoelastic monoclinic layer sandwiched between two magnetoelastic monoclinic half spaces with irregularity in the lower interface of the layer has been investigated. Keeping in mind the real earth scenario, the geometry of the problem is considered. We consider the combined irregularity with finite span, where the coupled effect of monoclinic...
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