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A linear array of sensors with small spacing (compared to the wavelength) can be processed with superdirective beamforming. Specifically when applying minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) weights designed for a diffuse noise-field, high gains are attainable in theory. A classical result relating to the far-field regime states that the gain with respect to diffuse noise (i.e., the directivity...
The beampattern of an array consisting of elements is determined by the beampatterns of the individual elements, their placement, and the weights assigned to them. For each look direction, it is possible to design weights that maximize the array directivity factor (DF). For the case of an array of omnidirectional elements using optimal weights, it has been shown that the average DF over all look...
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