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The potential for in-cylinder thermochemical fuel reforming (TFR) to improve engine performance has been well studied. Meanwhile, achievable TFR gas can ensure that an engine coupled with in-cylinder TFR can run at a comparatively high compression ratio (CR), which might facilitate the in-cylinder TFR reforming process and then improve engine performance. This study focuses on performance optimization...
In this study, the concept of in-cylinder thermochemical fuel reforming (TFR), which involves running one cylinder rich of stoichiometric and routing its entire exhaust back into the intake manifold, were examined on a four-cylinder spark ignition natural gas (NG) engine. Extra natural gas fuel (NG enrichment) was port injected into cylinder #4 (TFR cylinder) to realize its rich running. Results indicated...
High carbon yields of jet fuel range alkanes were observed from plastics through a novel route. The integral processes were mainly performed via the catalytic microwave-assisted degradation of low-density polyethylene (a model compound of plastics waste) followed by hydrogenation process. The catalytic microwave degradation was carried out at 375°C with catalyst to feed mass ratio of 0.1 or 0.2 to...
Fuel reforming is an attractive way for improving the performances of internal combustion engine. The primary components of the reformed gas are H2, CO, CO2 and N2. A detailed knowledge of each component in reformed gas is essential for judging or making better use of the reformed gas as well as reforming technologies. In this paper, the influences of the major combustibles of the reformed gas, H2...
Catalytic upgrading of raw bio-oil and liquid–liquid extracted bio-oil (high concentrated phenolic with trace acid and acetaldehyde) with methanol over ZSM-5 catalyst had been studied in this work. Temperature played vital function and leaded to increasing gas yield but less catalyst coking. It also changed both chemical distribution and selectivity on both gas and liquid products, with aromatic concentration...
A novel pathway was investigated to produce jet fuel range paraffins (alkanes) and aromatics by catalytic microwave-induced pyrolysis of intact biomass (Douglas fir) integrated with the hydrotreating upgrading process. The proof-of-principle for the consecutive two-step process for converting lignocellulosic biomass into jet fuel range paraffins and aromatics involves the use of the well-promoted...
The effects of molecular structure and feedstock of biodiesel on its compatibility with an elastomer were investigated in this study. Nine fuels were tested to evaluate their compatibility with nitrile butandiene rubber (NBR). The tested fuels include diesel fuel, waste cooking oil methyl ester, palm oil methyl ester, soybean oil methyl ester, methyl laurate (C12:0), methyl palmitate (C16:0), methyl...
The microwave-induced pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (a model of waste plastics) toward its conversion into biofuels was investigated using ZSM-5 as a catalyst, generating significant amounts of gasoline-range hydrocarbons. A central composite experimental design (CCD) was done to investigate the effects of catalytic temperature and reactant to catalyst ratio on the pyrolysis-oils composition...
Ex situ catalytic pyrolysis of biomass through a packed-bed catalysis close coupled with microwave pyrolysis was investigated to convert Douglas fir sawdust pellets to aromatic hydrocarbons by Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst. A comparison test from five different Zn loadings (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5wt.%) was first conducted, and it was found that the highest amount of aromatic hydrocarbons was produced from 0.5% Zn loaded...
Experiments were conducted on a diesel engine operating on Euro V diesel fuel, pure biodiesel and biodiesel blended with ethanol (BE blends) to assess the particulate and unregulated emissions with and without diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC).The results indicate an increase of particle number concentration, formaldehyde emission and acetaldehyde emission while a decrease of particulate mass concentration,...
The distributions of trimethyldibenzothiophenes (TMDBTs), the relationship between TMDBTs and trimethylbiphenyls (TMBPs) and the application of TMDBTs as maturity indicators have been investigated in a set of lacustrine shales from the Eocene Shahejie Formation in the Liaohe Basin, East China. The 3,5,3′-, 3,5,4′- and 3,4,4′-TMBP isomers can react to yield (2,4,6-+2,4,8)-TMDBT, 2,4,7-TMDBT, and (3,4,7+2,3,7)-TMDBT...
In this study, Euro V diesel fuel, biodiesel, and ethanol–biodiesel blends (BE) were tested in a 4-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine to investigate the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of the engine under five engine loads at the maximum torque engine speed of 1800rpm. The results indicate that when compared with biodiesel, the combustion characteristics of ethanol–biodiesel...
A systematic study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ratio on reduction, carburization and catalytic behavior of iron-based Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts promoted with potassium and copper. The catalysts were characterized by N 2 physical adsorption, CO 2 temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), H 2 temperature-programmed...
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