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CMP is regarded as a process to remove material from wafer surface. And lots of mixture will be created from polishing interface. Consumables, such like pad, retainer ring, dresser and membrane will be consumed during polishing. Furthermore, abrasive, slurry chemicals and wafer surface material will have some specific interaction through well designed chemistry, which produced lots of by-products...
Multitendoned extrinsic muscles of the human hand can be divided into several neuromuscular compartments (NMCs), each of which contributes to the ability of human finger to produce independent finger movements or force. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the spatial activation of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) during the fingertip force production with non-invasive multichannel...
With the miniaturization trend and functional demand in high-density microelectronic packaging, the thermomigration in flip chip solder joints due to the joule heating becomes a serious reliability issue in recent years. A majority of researches have been devoted to understanding the failure mechanism of the thermomigration accompanied by the electromigration behavior; and based on the microstructure...
The CMS experiment is preparing for LHC data taking in several computing preparation activities. In distributed data transfer tests, in early 2007 a traffic load generator infrastructure was designed and deployed, to equip the WLCG Tiers which support the CMS Virtual Organization with a means for debugging, load-testing and commissioning data transfer routes among CMS Computing Centres. The LoadTest...
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