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This paper presents a novel appliance commitment algorithm that schedules thermostatically controlled household loads based on price and consumption forecasts considering users' comfort settings to meet an optimization objective such as minimum payment or maximum comfort. The formulation of an appliance commitment problem is described using an electrical water heater load as an example. The thermal...
This paper discusses the development of a load component database for household appliances and office equipment. To develop more accurate load models at both the transmission and distribution levels, a better understanding of the behaviors of home appliances and office equipment associated with the variations of the power system voltage becomes more and more critical. The Bonneville Power Administration...
This paper discusses the effectiveness of deploying grid friendlytrade appliances (GFAs) as a load-side solution for congestion management in a competitive electricity market, with a residential house ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) load as an example. A GFA can have a sensor and a controller installed to detect price, voltage, or frequency signals and then adjust its thermostat setpoint or...
This paper addresses design considerations for frequency responsive grid friendlytrade appliances (FR-GFAs), which can turn on/off based on frequency signals and make selective low-frequency load shedding possible at appliance level. FR-GFAs can also be treated as spinning reserve to maintain a load-to-generation balance under power system normal operation states. The paper first presents a statistical...
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