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DNW-induced latch-up characteristics and their temperature-dependence are investigated in bulk FinFET technology. DNW-enclosed NMOS in PNPN and PNPNPN structures causes low latch-up immunity with detrimental high-temperature degradation. Varied methods are explored for holding voltage improvement. In summary, the shunting-resistance reduction through process-design co-optimization plays a critical...
Polar codes are the first class of forward error correction (FEC) codes with a provably capacity-achieving capability. Using list successive cancellation decoding (LSCD) with a large list size, the error correction performance of polar codes exceeds other well-known FEC codes. However, the hardware complexity of LSCD rapidly increases with the list size, which incurs high usage of the resources on...
A FinFET SCR embedded ESD clamp for power supply protection with low leakage current is demonstrated. The proposed clamp is suitable for low power applications since it reduces ∼87% of leakage current per bigFET width and improves ESD robustness to ∼2X per footprint compared to the conventional RC-triggered clamp.
The comparison was made to illustrate the factor, which leads to the difference of radiofrequency induced heating associated with implants between in-vivo and in-vitro. The simulations of virtual adult male and ASTM phantom, with a group of orthopedic plate implants, were performed in a body-sized birdcage coil driven at 128MHz. For femur and humerus orthopedic plate implants with various dimension,...
The objective of this study is to numerically compare the radio frequency (RF)-induced heating in transverse electromagnetic (TEM) coil and birdcage (BC) coil in the presence of circular leg fixator. We show that TEM coil generates a larger peak specific absorption rate averaged over 1 gram (SAR1g) than BC coil in the leg phantom with a generic circular external fixator. In the specific case, the...
Numerical studies of local specific absorption rate (SAR) were conducted for femoral plate implants in MRI 3T birdcage coil. Both the quadrature excitation and RF shimming conditions were evaluated in anatomical models of human body. All the results were normalized to 2W/kg average whole body SAR and Q-Matrices formalism method was used to improve the SAR calculation efficiency. The RF shimming procedure...
The objective of this study is to numerically compare the radio frequency (RF) — induced heating in transverse electromagnetic (TEM) coil and birdcage (BC) coil in the presence of circular leg fixator. We show that TEM coil generates a larger peak specific absorption rate averaged over 1 gram (SAR1g) than BC coil with circular external fixator. In the specific case, the peak SAR1g in TEM coil can...
In this study the helical stent is evaluated of the radio frequency (RF)-induced heating for the variation of gap and pitch under 1.5 T and 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is shown that the gap increment can reduce the peak 1 g averaged SAR and the pitch variation can also alter the heating. The detailed discussions are presented.
A circularly-polarized (CP) microstrip antenna with both large impedance bandwidth and large circular polarization bandwidth is proposed. The antenna consists of two dual-mode nearly-square sub-patches that are each optimized to achieve maximum bandwidth. The two sub-patches are then used to construct an overall CP antenna.
The comparison was made to illustrate the factor, which leads to the difference of radiofrequency induced heating associated with implants between in-vivo and in-vitro. The simulations of virtual adult male and ASTM phantom, with a group of orthopedic plate implants, were performed in a body-sized birdcage coil driven at 128MHz. For femur and humerus orthopedic plate implants with various dimension,...
In this paper, a fast prediction method using a 3-layer feed-forward neural network was proposed to estimate the radiofrequency (RF) — induced heating for generic implantable plate devices under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The peak local specific absorption rate averaged over 1 gram (SAR1g) was calculated to represent the heating level. A total number of 130 plate devices have been numerically...
It is 4×4 Butler matrices that have been most published academically for planar multi-beam antenna arrays. However, it is less discussed how to optionally determine number of beams corresponding to distinguished coverages in free space by microwave circuits. In this paper, we exemplify a three-beam system using merely double-layered printed structures, which are easily implemented in industry. This...
A broadband dual-polarized high gain lens antenna array for macro-cell base station applications is proposed. Using the lens structure, high gain performance can be obtained and the horizontal half power beamwidth can be controlled. The proposed antenna array shows that wide operating bandwidth can be generated successfully to easily cover 1.71–2.69 GHz operating bands. Port-to-port isolation is better...
RADARSAT-2 SAR data was used to develop a monitoring program for Canadian forest lands with the aim to provide information on forest harvesting. Study sites in British Columbia and New Brunswick Canada were selected. RADARSAT-2 MultiLook Fine mode, acquired from mid-June through mid-September, from 2011 to 2015, was analyzed with the aim to detect forest disturbances. Due to large data volumes and...
Transfer function method was utilized to evaluate the RF-induced heating of implantable lead with 137 implanted lead trajectories under different shimming conditions. A coated wire is used to emulate medical leads. Two different shimming conditions were studied. One is to optimize the homogeneity of the B_(1+) field magnitude in human heart region, and second one is to estimate the possible worst-case...
Owing to their capacity-achieving performance and low encoding and decoding complexity, polar codes have drawn much research interests recently. Successive cancellation decoding (SCD) and belief propagation decoding (BPD) are two common approaches for decoding polar codes. SCD is sequential in nature while BPD can run in parallel. Thus BPD is more attractive for low latency applications. However BPD...
An efficient method is presented to numerically model anechoic chambers ranging from VHF to microwave frequencies. In this method, an approximate image theory is proposed to improve the accuracy of plane wave assumptions used at lower frequencies. At high frequencies, an efficient image-based ray tracing algorithm is developed which integrates with the approximate image theory seamlessly. Numerical...
A novel broadband dual-polarized antenna array for base station applications is proposed. The single radiating element is required to perform wide band, dual-polarization and high radiation efficiency. In addition, we have integrated the structure into array and discussed the performance. The bandwidth covers from 2.6–3.8 GHz. By applying isolators and a bended reflector, high isolation and high front-to-back...
The performance of List Successive-Cancellation Decoding (LSCD) of Polar Codes with large list size have exceeded that of Turbo codes and Low-Density Parity-Check codes. However, large list size results in huge computation complexity and this limits the applicability of LSCD in high-throughput and power- sensitive applications. In this work, a low complexity design for LSCD with large list size based...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide, resulting in severe joint pain and significantly decreased life quality in the elderly population. Due to the lack of effective medicine that can reverse the degeneration of articular cartilage, ultimately all OA patients need to receive an artificial joint replacement surgery. Although the pathogenesis and progression of OA has attracted...
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