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Mechanisms with springs were used for variety of purposes from the 2nd century BC in ancient China. Barbed-springs locks and original crossbows are representative types that belong to reconfigurable mechanisms. Several available books with mechanical illustrations introduce the structures and functions of mechanisms with springs in ancient China. However, no historical records describing the appearance...
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an evolutionary computational model which owns a very fast converging characteristic. Guillotine cut refers to an ancient execution device and here is to place as many rectangles into a main frame as possible. Hence, the main purpose is to place a set of rectangles into a main frame and reduce the waste empty spaces as many as possible. It is well known that the...
The advancement of Si and flip chip package technologies are driven by high performance mobile processors with high I/O counts. In Si, the back-end-of-line (BEOL) copper interconnect with extreme low-K (ELK) dielectrics has been used to lower RC latency. While for packages, fine-pitch Cu bump is introduced to meet the high I/O density. Corresponding assembly solutions such as thermal compression bonding...
The micro-loading effect in this work seems obviously. According to the extraction of drive current (IDS) for dense and isolated FinFET devices at the on-drawn layout (W/L=0.11/0.5 (μm/μm), the ratio with 11-fin fingers vs. single fin was 10.01. Using the re-work concept to derive the un-etching depth (ΔH) located at the inner sidewall fin height was still around 2.4 nm as the outer sidewall height...
The vehicle has no parking assist system and takes much time to wander around aimlessly to find parking spaces near the destination. In recent years, how to help a driver find parking spaces by the Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important problem. This paper proposed a novel direction-base recommendation algorithm (DRA) to reduce both the search time for parking and the competition of parking...
Optimized path planning algorithm design is an important function of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Since the path obtained by the (rapidly exploring random tree) RRT is not necessarily optimal, excessive waypoints need to be refined. Heading of the quadrotor UAV is considered here as a moving cost of the improved A-star algorithm. Since the secondary path generated by the improved A-star algorithm...
This paper studies a novel kind of robust stability, namely robust asymptotic stability with respect to states' means, of linear time-varying (LTV) uncertain systems. Roughly speaking, the system will feature this robust stability if its state variables' mean values gradually approach to their equilibrium states. Robust input-output finite-time stability (IO-FTS) of the LTV uncertain system over a...
We propose a battery management system with capacity equalization. The system can be used in arbitrarily series-parallel connected battery packs, and effectively manage batteries working in the charge or discharge mode. For the discharge mode, we develop a new method of battery capacity equalization, and determine the minimum number of battery for equalization. This system not only reaches balancing...
Random-early-detection (RED) is widely applied in network nodes for congestion control. It randomly drops packets to prevent congestion from occurring, while keeping high bandwidth utilization at the same time. Unfortunately, RED provides little protection against aggressive flows from consuming most of the bandwidth. BF-RED was introduced in the literature to address the problem, but it calculated...
This paper concerns the congestion control problem for large-scale wired networks. A new model describing for large-scale wired networks is proposed. A compensation strategy is derived to deal with the time-delay problem. On the basis of the strategy, a network controller is established to accomplish the congestion control. The approach is experimentally verified on the network simulator (NS2).
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