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Congruent In (3mol%):Ce:Cu:LiNbO 3 crystals have been grown by the Czochralski method in air. Some crystal samples were reduced in Li 2 CO 3 power, and others were oxidized in Nb 2 O 5 power. The structure of crystals was studied by an infrared transmittance spectrum. The resistance ability to optical damage and the photorefractive properties were measured by...
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