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The DC power flow model is in widespread utilization in electricity-market applications and contingency analysis. The presented versions of this model can be classified into two categories: state-dependent, or Hot-Start, models and state-independent, or Cold-Start, models. A reasonable accuracy is reported in the literature regarding Hot-Start models as they take into account branch losses and bus...
The locational marginal pricing (LMP) methodology is a well-known strategy in electricity market transactions. In this structure, the active losses and transmission congestion are the key factors discriminating the nodal prices. To generate correct economic signals by LMPs, a realistic modeling of power system is required. Generally, power system and loads are assumed to be linear and the resultant...
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