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Optical heterodyne detection has advantages of high sensitivity and accuracy, and it has been widely used in optical communication and sensing. The kernel part of a heterodyne detection system is a phase or frequency shifter, which is usually based on the reflection of a mirror mounted on a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) or the diffraction of an acousto-optic modulator (AOM). The ultralow-frequency...
We investigate the recording and optical fixing dynamics of UV-light-gating two-color photorefractive holograms recorded in a near-stoichiometric LiNbO3 crystal doped with Mg above threshold. We found that shallow and multiple deep centers leading to the formation of complementary gratings are responsible for the two-color photorefractive effect
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