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The design method of the U-bend vertical geothermal heat exchanger (GHE) of the direct-expansion ground-source heat pump (DX-GSHP) system in the cooling mode is developed in this paper. The impact of the gravity of the two-phase fluid was taking into consideration, and the pressure-enthalpy diagram of the DX-GSHP system is developed. The determination of the copper pipe diameter and the pipe spacing...
Wall insulation is one of the commonly used energy-saving measures. But many factors, such as climate, building type and indoor heat gain, have great influence on the effectiveness of building insulation. In this paper, the influence of thickness of building insulation layer on the building HVAC energy consumption has been analyzed for three different indoor heat gain, 20, 50, 80 W/m2, for an office...
Double-deck elevator system (DDES) has been invented firstly as a solution to improve the transportation capacity of elevator group systems in the up-peak traffic pattern. The transportation capacity could be even doubled when DDES runs in a pure up-peak traffic pattern where two connected cages stop at every two floors in an elevator round trip. However, the specific features of DDES make the elevator...
Elevator group supervisory control systems (EGSCSs) are designed so that the movement of several elevators in a building is controlled efficiently. The efficient control of EGSCSs using conventional control methods is very difficult due to its complexity, so it is becoming popular to introduce artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into EGSCSs in recent years. As a new approach, a graph-based evolutionary...
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