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Heart rate (HR) and its variability (HRV) provide critical information about an individual's cardiovascular and mental health state. In either application, long-term observation is crucial to arrive at conclusive decisions and provide useful diagnostic feedback [1]. Photoplethysmographic (PPG) estimation of HR and HRV has emerged as an attractive alternative to ECG, as it provides electrode-free operation...
The adsorption process of sub-monolayer Ge on Si(111)-(7x7) surface is studied using ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy. By carefully controlling Ge deposition condition, a unique sixfold symmetry superlattice of Ge clusters is formed. It is found that almost all the Ge clusters observed have similar shapes and uniform sizes, and that they sit on both halves of the (7x7) unit cells. The...
The initial stage of Ge adsorption on Si(111)-(7x7) surface has been investigated by ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy at room temperature. We demonstrate that there is a critical nucleus for the adsorbed Ge clusters on Si(111)-(7x7) surface. Such clusters can behave like quantum dots, which display two states at +1.5 and -1.5 eV with respect to the Fermi level. The formation mechanism...
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