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Microwave back and forward scattering from a layer of vegetation continues to have important applications in remotely sensing soil moisture and vegetation biomass. Satellite radars detect backscattered returns while GNSS receivers can measure forward scatter. The scattering cross sections can be computed by the Distorted Born Approximation (DBA) and by 1st order transport theory. The first is a field...
This paper traces the development vegetation modeling during the 1980's. In this time period, discrete random media methods were applied to model vegetation. The distorted Born approximation and transport theory were successfully employed to understand the different contributions to the backscattering cross section from a layer of vegetation. Leaves were modeled by thin dielectric discs and stems,...
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