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The development of a modular short-pulse pre-prototype as base for a 2 MW, 170 GHz, CW coaxial-cavity gyrotron for the international fusion project ITER and beyond is in progress at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The current modular pre-prototype configuration allows the generation of > 2.2 MW RF output power in short-pulses with an overall efficiency of approximately 48 % in depressed...
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) is doing research and development in the field of high power gyrotrons for W7-X, ITER, and, towards a future DEMOnstration fusion power plant. While the initial installation of the ECRH system at W7-X is finished and operating very successfully, KIT is still involved in the development of gyrotrons for ITER. This work is coordinated by F4E and ongoing in frame...
We have performed a detailed benchmark of a conformal finite difference time domain (CFDTD) method for applications in fusion gyrotron study. The accuracy and efficiency of simulations are the main concerns as a fusion gyrotron cavity is a computationally large scale model. Therefore, the validation of a simulation method is important for us to adopt it for the future study. Here we use a simple circular...
The development of the modular short-pulse pre-prototype as base for the 2 MW, 170 GHz, CW coaxial-cavity gyrotron for international fusion project ITER and beyond is in progress at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The current modular pre-prototype configuration allows the generation of > 2 MW RF output power in short-pulses with a reasonable electronic efficiency of approximately 30 %...
As part of the EUROfusion WP HCD EC project, the conceptual design of a 1 MW, 236 GHz hollow-cavity gyrotron is ongoing at IHM, KIT for a Demonstration Power Plant (DEMO), along with the 2 MW coaxial-cavity design concept. Fast frequency-tunable gyrotrons (tuning within a few seconds) are recommended for plasma stabilization using a non-movable antenna. In this work, the mode-selection approach for...
The development of a 2 MW, 170 GHz short-pulse coaxial-cavity gyrotron pre-prototype for electron cyclotron heating and current drive (ECRH&CD) of magnetically confined plasmas in upcoming fusion devices is in progress at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Significant design modifications have been done recently. First experimental tests of a modified setup show two important unwanted effects...
Europe is making a significant joint effort to develop high power microwave sources (gyrotrons) for nuclear fusion applications. KIT is taking a large part in this. It is involved into the developments for W7-X and ITER, and it is starting research for gyrotrons which, in future, shall operate at multi-megawatt levels at above 200 GHz and shall allow step-frequency tunability. To enable this, KIT...
EU is developing a 1 MW cylindrical cavity gyrotron. In the last year the design of the components of the new gyrotron has been finalized while the technological design of the new tube has been defined. In the present paper, the main characteristics of the new EU gyrotron for ITER are presented.
This paper presents a mode competition study for a 10kW/28GHz gyrotron. Three different codes were used for cavity simulations: a single mode self-consistent code, the multi-mode non-stationary code EURIDICE and a three-dimensional Particle-In-Cell (PIC) code based on a discontinuous Galerkin approach. Competition between first and second harmonic modes was studied.
Effective control of power absorption in tokamaks and stellarators could be achieved by the frequency tuning of ECH&CD power delivered by high-power gyrotrons. In this report some results of the development of a frequency tunable gyrotron with fused-silica Brewster window are presented. Excitation of several modes at 1 MW power level in the range of frequencies from 131 to 146.5 GHz is achieved...
A 10 MW, 140 GHz ECRH system with a pulse duration of 30 minutes is currently under construction for the stellarator W7-X at Greifswald. The RF power will be provided by 10 gyrotrons. A European collaboration has been established to develop and build 9 (out of 10) tubes each with an output power of 1 MW for continuous wave (CW) operation. This contribution reports on recent results with the series...
A 2 MW, CW, 170 GHz coaxial-cavity gyrotron for electron cyclotron heating and current drive in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is under development within the European Gyrotron Consortium (EGYC). To support the development of the industrial CW prototype, a short pulse tube (pre-prototype) is used at KIT (former FZK) for experimental verification of the design of critical...
A 10 MW, 140 GHz ECH system is currently under construction for the stellarator W7-X. The RF power will be provided by 10 tubes. A European collaboration has been established to develop and build 9 (out of 10) gyrotrons each with an output power of 1 MW for continuous wave (CW) operation. This contribution reports on recent results with the series gyrotrons.
Summary form only given. The first prototype of the EU 170 GHz/2 MW/CW coaxial cavity gyrotron for ITER has been tested in the frame of a collaboration between European Research Institutions (EGYC*) supported by Fusion for Energy (F4E). The experiments showed that the voltage stand-off properties were strongly affected by the magnetic field configuration. Although the voltage stand-off was excellent...
The first prototype of the EU 170 GHz/2 MW/CW coaxial cavity gyrotron for ITER has been tested in the frame of a collaboration between European Research Institutions (EGYC 1) supported by Fusion for Energy (F4E). The experiments showed (i) the limitation of the operating parameters range to a low efficiency domain, and (ii) a voltage stand-off problem. The first observation has been associated to...
It is desirable to increase the RF power per gyrotron tube for plasma heating in future fusion devices. The realization of gyrotrons with highest possible output power will reduce their overall number and superconducting magnets required for future fusion reactors. In this work the feasibility of a 4 MW 170 GHz coaxial-cavity gyrotron is investigated. A mode selection procedure is presented and proper...
A preliminary gun design for the EU 170 GHz, 1 MW conventional cavity gyrotron, for the TE32,09 mode [1], will be presented. The ASG magnet of the EU 170 GHz, 2 MW coaxial cavity gyrotron for ITER is used for the required magnetic field. A parameterization of the diode gun has been defined. Using the Ariadne++ code [2] the geometry has been optimized with respect to several criteria, such as the small...
The existing 1 MW 140 GHz TE28,8 gyrotron for W7-X is investigated as a two frequency source, to be operated in the TE34,10 mode at 173.9 GHz. It turns out that this gyrotron, installed in a suitable magnet, may deliver 1 MW at 173.9 GHz in a reasonably focused rf beam without any modifications. First simulations of cavity interaction, quasi-optical mode converter and the electron gun are presented,...
A collaborative effort between European research Associations and Thales Electron Devices (TED) has been launched by the European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) in 2003, aiming at the development of an industrial 170 GHz/2 MW/CW coaxial cavity gyrotron. The first prototype is expected to reach 2 MW/1s and is presently being tested in Lausanne at a dedicated test facility. The test facility has...
Summary form only given. In this work, design studies on a 200 to 250 kW, CW gyrotron operating in the TE0,3 cavity mode with axial output collection will be presented. Such a device will be used for electron cyclotron resonance heating of plasmas in a small experimental tokamak in India. Cold cavity design and self-consistent calculations have been carried out and power and efficiencies have been...
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