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Purpose To determine whether ectopic thyroid had the same computed tomography (CT) value as orthotopic thyroid. Methods Twenty-one patients with 23 ectopic thyroids and 23 controls with orthotopic thyroids underwent CT scans and were included in this retrospective study. The CT images were reviewed in a blinded fashion by two radiologists. Independent-Samples T-test was used for comparison of CT...
Obesity and insulin resistance are both closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is, however, not clear whether the role of obesity in the development of T2DM is dependent on insulin resistance. This study aims to assess the hypothesis that insulin-sensitive adiposity is associated with a relatively lower risk of T2DM than insulin-resistant adiposity, and the adiposity–T2DM association...
Early postoperative hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients is an important risk factor affecting postoperative complications and mortality. This study aimed at investigating the effects of early postoperative hyperglycemia on postoperative complications, hospital costs, and length of hospital stay in non-diabetic patients with gastrointestinal malignancies; data of 1,015 non-diabetic patients with...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) carries an increased risk for cardiovascular complications. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is an index for early atherosclerotic changes. Recently, the effect of altered blood rheology on atherosclerosis has received attention. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association of hemorheological parameters with baPWV in patients with DM. In...
Adipokines produced from adipose tissues participate in regulation of reproduction, energy homeostasis, food intake, and neuroendocrine function in the hypothalamus. We have previously reported that adiponectin significantly reduced GnRH secretion from GT1-7 hypothalamic GnRH neuron cells. In this study, we further investigated the inhibition of GnRH secretion by adiponectin in vivo and found that...
Endothelial dysfunction as well as abnormal thyroid hormone levels may be responsible for increased cardiovascular risk in Graves’ disease (GD). Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are new markers of endothelial and myocardial dysfunction, respectively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among the serum levels of ADMA,...
Thymic carcinoid is an important component of the tumor spectrum causing Ectopic ACTH Syndrome (EAS) and usually carries a poor prognosis. Efforts have been focused on exploring the mechanism of the excessive ACTH production in non-pituitary tumors, whereas few studies have reported the molecular events underlying the tumor progression. In this study, seven patients with ACTH producing thymic carcinoids...
The expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) and the P2X7 receptor were demonstrated in a variety of tumors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the associations of XIAP and P2X7 receptor expression with the clinicopathological features of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 62 cases were examined, including 43 patients...
Classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is characterized by the defects in cortisol and aldosterone secretion, and accompanied with adrenal hyperandrogenism. It is likely that the impaired adrenocortical function and intermittent treatment-related hypercortisolism may predispose patients to the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Our aim was to assess the impact of hyperandrogenism...
Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by hormone resistance to receptors that stimulate adenylate cyclase. PHP-Ia patients show specific Gs-alpha protein deficiency, PTH/TSH/gonadotropin resistance, and a phenotype characterized by Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO). Many heterozygous mutations in the GNAS gene encoding the Gs protein have been identified...
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex, genetic, multisystem disorder. Its major clinical features include neonatal hypotonia and failure to thrive, mental retardation, hypogonadism, short hands and feet, hyperphagia-caused obesity, and characteristic appearance. The genetic basis of PWS is also complex. It is caused by the absence of expression of the active paternal genes such as the SNRPN, NDN...
Microalbuminuria is associated with higher cardiovascular mortality, especially in diabetics. But the direct association between microalbuminuria and vascular wall properties is still not clear. We investigated quantitative carotid stiffness (QCS) index in relation to microalbuminuria in 260 Chinese diabetic patients. In categorical analyses, patients with elevated urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio...
Wolfram syndrome (WFS), also known as DIDMOAD, is an infrequent cause of diabetes mellitus. WFS is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by various clinical manifestations such as diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, diabetes insipidus, deafness, neurological symptoms, renal tract abnormalities, psychiatric disorders, and gonadal disorders. The majority of patients with WFS carry...
The purpose of this study was to investigate insulin sensitivity and first-phase insulin secretion in obesity with hyperglycemia in 30 and/or 60 min during oral glucose tolerance (OGTT, glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l, post-loading hyperglycemia, PLH) in Chinese population. A total of 196 nondiabetic subjects were included in the present study, among them 99 had normal glucose tolerance (NGT, subdivided into...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by defects in insulin secretion and action and obesity plays an important role in the deterioration of glucose metabolism. In the present study we evaluated the degree of insulin resistance and first-phase insulin secretion of β-cell in obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and...
Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is an inheritable disorder of fructose metabolism, inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder and caused by catalytic deficiency of aldolase B, which is critical for gluconeogenesis and fructose metabolism. The affected individuals develop severe hypoglycemia after taking foods containing fructose and cognate sugars. The exons 2–9 of the aldolase B (gene symbol...
Genetic susceptibility plays a major role in the etiology of Graves’ disease (GD). A recent study revealed that the A946T polymorphism (rs1990760) in interferon induced helicase (IFIH1) gene was a susceptible locus for GD. A case-control study in a Chinese population was undertaken, with 261 GD patients and 206 healthy subjects, to analyze the association of A946T polymorphism in IFIH1 gene with GD...
McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) is a sporadic disorder characterized by the classic triad of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, ‹café-au-lait’ skin pigmentation, and hyperfunctional endocrinopathy. It is caused by embryonic somatic mutations leading to the substitution of His or Cys for Arg at amino acid 201 of the alpha-subunit of the signal transduction protein Gs (Gsα). A 32-year-old man was diagnosed...
In order to characterize the potential causative effects of interleukin-18 (IL-18) on insulin resistance, we measured glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with mouse recombinant IL-18. IL-18 surprisingly enhanced, rather than reduced insulin-mediated glucose uptake in adipocytes. Moreover IL-18 could counteract the glucose uptake suppression caused by tumor necrosis factor α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes...
We investigated carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and quantitative carotid stiffness (QCS) index in relation to plasma glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) and duration of diabetes mellitus in 337 Chinese diabetic patients. In categorical analyses, carotid IMT was 710 μm in subjects with a duration of diabetes mellitus ≤2 years, 760 μm in subjects with a duration of diabetes mellitus more than two...
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