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Electromyographic activity and the force of reflex and operant responses were recorded following administration of morphine. Low doses facilitated reflex responses to input from A-δ afferents but not from A-β input. Higher doses inhibited A-δ responses but not A-β responses. Operant avoidance responses to visual cues were unchanged. Thus, depending on the dose, nociceptive reflexes were facilitated...
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