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Backgrounds
Head and neck vascular malformation (HNVM) is a highly complex congenital condition that is difficult to diagnose, monitor and treat. Therefore, it is critical to explore serum cytokines that may be related to its pathology and prognosis.
Methods
An antibody‐based microarray was used to examine the expression of 31 angiogenic cytokines in 11 HNVM patients relative to 11 healthy subjects...
Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of direct intralesional ethanol sclerotherapy for venous malformations (VMs) with oropharyngeal involvement after a temporary tracheotomy.
Methods
A retrospective assessment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of direct intralesional ethanol sclerotherapy on 21 consecutive patients presenting with extensive VMs involving...
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