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IR-spectroscopy data show that the intramolecular H-bond in alcohols with the general formula XCH2CH2OH (X = F, Cl, Br) in a solution is mainly of a nonspecific nature. Molecules of 2-haloethanol form three-center complexes with an external H-bond acceptor. The intramolecular component of their bifurcated bond causes a stronger spectroscopic effect as compared to the two-center H-bond of ethanol or...
IR spectroscopic data are used to demonstrate that the donor ability of alcohols in H-bonds is determined by the molecular conformation and the universal interaction of subunits of the H-bond complex in homological series. The observed regularities can be employed for empirical separation of the contributions of electrostatic and covalent components in the formation energy of the H-complex.
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