Search results for: Klaus Fischer

Items from 1 to 20 out of 180 results

article

Evaluating hybrid speciation and swamping in wild carnivores with a decision‐tree approach

Laura Tensen, Klaus Fischer

Conservation Biology > 38 > 1 > n/a - n/a

Hybridization is an important evolutionary force with a principal role in the origin of new species, known as hybrid speciation. However, ongoing hybridization can create hybrid swamping, in which parental genomes are completely lost. This can become a biodiversity threat if it involves species that have adapted to certain environmental conditions and occur nowhere else. Because conservation scientists...

article

Landscape type affects the functional diversity of carabid beetles in agricultural landscapes

Franziska Deppe, Klaus Fischer

Insect Conservation and Diversity > 16 > 4 > 441 - 450

Agricultural intensification and expansion has been suggested to be a major driver of the loss of biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. Recent studies have shown that landscape‐level effects in addition to on‐site management are of significant importance for insect declines. We here compared carabid beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) assemblages of wet meadows among three pairs of highly fragmented...

article

Simulating effects of agricultural intensification and climate change: Nitrogen fertilisation and drought stress decrease insect herbivore performance

Ange Raharivololoniaina, Ellen Moewert, Klaus Fischer

Ecological Entomology > 48 > 3 > 325 - 335

Biodiversity is globally under pressure, and the current decline in insect biomass and diversity is likely caused by human activities. Key drivers of biodiversity loss include agricultural intensification and anthropogenic climate change. Nevertheless, a thorough understanding of potential interactions between both factors and the mechanisms underlying insect declines, in general, is still lacking...

article

The central Alps comprise a major dispersal barrier between western and eastern populations of two butterfly species

Daronja Trense, Laura Jager, Klaus Fischer

Journal of Biogeography > 49 > 8 > 1508 - 1520

Aim Genetic connectivity and diversity are key components of species' resilience to environmental change. However, the specific factors shaping species' resilience are poorly understood. We here aim to strengthen our understanding of resilience in two butterfly species, by identifying regions of high genetic diversity and barriers to dispersal. Location European Alps. Taxon Copper butterflies...

article

Contrasting genetic responses to habitat fragmentation for two Lycaenid butterfly species

Daronja Trense, Jan Christian Habel, Aline Finger, Klaus Fischer

Insect Conservation and Diversity > 15 > 3 > 337 - 347

Biodiversity is currently declining at the global scale. Apart from species declines and lowered abundances, the loss of genetic diversity is equally concerning as it may undermine fitness and the potential to adapt to future environmental change. We compared genetic diversity of historical and recent Alpine populations of two butterfly species, Lycaena helle and L. hippothoe, over a period of about...

article

Corporate sustainability crisis: Theoretical framework and stakeholder‐oriented typology

Guido Grunwald, Klaus Fischer

Business and Society Review > 127 > 1 > 23 - 48

Research on corporate crises has yielded numerous, partly overlapping crisis concepts from the corporate perspective without adequately addressing the stakeholder perspective and sustainability and corporate social responsibility characteristics. This conceptual paper aims to develop a stakeholder‐oriented typology of corporate sustainability crises. For this purpose, conceptual gaps and requirements...

article

Indications for rapid evolution of trait means and thermal plasticity in range‐expanding populations of a butterfly

Anika Neu, Klaus Fischer

Journal of Evolutionary Biology > 35 > 1 > 124 - 133

Currently, poleward range expansions are observed in many taxa, often in response to anthropogenic climate change. At the expanding front, populations likely face cooler and more variable temperature conditions, imposing thermal selection. This may result in changes in trait means or plasticity, the relative contribution of which is not well understood. We, here, investigate evolutionary change in...

article

Reduced host‐plant specialization is associated with the rapid range expansion of a Mediterranean butterfly

Anika Neu, Stefan Lötters, Linda Nörenberg, Martin Wiemers, more

Journal of Biogeography > 48 > 12 > 3016 - 3031

Aim Species ranges are highly dynamic, shifting in space and time as a result of complex ecological and evolutionary processes. Disentangling the relative contribution of both processes is challenging but of primary importance for forecasting species distributions under climate change. Here, we use the spectacular range expansion (ca. 1000 km poleward shift within 10 years) of the butterfly Pieris mannii...

article

Grassland fallows as key for successful insect conservation

Tobias Frenzel, Anne Wörsdörfer, Souha Khedhiri, Maurice Di Giulio, more

Insect Conservation and Diversity > 14 > 6 > 837 - 850

There is widescale evidence for declines in insect biodiversity at a global scale. Agricultural intensification is considered to be one of the major causes of these declines. Traditionally managed habitat types, such as hay meadows, harbour a rich diversity of plants and animals but have been often transformed into crop fields or silage grassland. To evaluate the role of (i) agricultural intensification...

article

Birds of different morphs use slightly different strategies to achieve similar reproductive performance following heatwave exposure

Rita Fragueira, Fabrice Helfenstein, Klaus Fischer, Michaël Beaulieu

Journal of Animal Ecology > 90 > 11 > 2594 - 2608

Responses to extreme climatic events may differ between individuals of distinct morphs which differ in life‐history strategies, resulting in climate change ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ within species. We examined the reproductive performance and carry‐over effects on offspring of black‐ and red‐headed Gouldian finches Erythrura gouldiae after exposure to simulated heatwaves of moderate or severe intensity...

article

High temperature and soil moisture reduce host‐plant quality for an insect herbivore

Josephine Kuczyk, Ange Raharivololoniaina, Klaus Fischer

Ecological Entomology > 46 > 4 > 889 - 897

1. Anthropogenic climate change is a substantial threat to global biodiversity. It may affect insect herbivores directly and indirectly. Indirect effects are, among others, mediated by climate‐change induced variation in host‐plant quality. Although being potentially important, little is known on the significance of such indirect effects and on interactions among environmental stressors in plant–herbivore...

article

Modelling of the adsorption of urea herbicides by tropical soils with an Adaptive‐Neural‐based Fuzzy Inference System

Babatunde K. Agbaogun, Jose M. Alonso, Henning Buddenbaum, Klaus Fischer

Journal of Chemometrics > 35 > 5 > n/a - n/a

Sorption of pesticides by soils holds a major consequence for their fate in the environment. As such, sorption coefficient (K_d/K_oc), which is derived from laboratory or field experiments is a fundamental parameter used in almost all screening tools to evaluate the fate or mobility of these compounds. The value of this coefficient is controlled by many soil and solute specific properties, as well as...

article

Anthropogenic and natural barriers affect genetic connectivity in an Alpine butterfly

Daronja Trense, Thomas L. Schmidt, Qiong Yang, Jessica Chung, more

Molecular Ecology > 30 > 1 > 114 - 130

Dispersal is a key biological process serving several functions including connectivity among populations. Habitat fragmentation caused by natural or anthropogenic structures may hamper dispersal, thereby disrupting genetic connectivity. Investigating factors affecting dispersal and gene flow is important in the current era of anthropogenic global change, as dispersal comprises a vital part of a species’...

article

Characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite loci in three copper butterfly species (Lycaena spp.)

Daronja Trense, Elisabeth Reim, Klaus Fischer

Molecular Biology Reports > 2019 > 46 > 6 > 6585-6591

The genus Lycaena is widely used for studying life history evolution, local adaptation, stress biology, and behavior. Furthermore, several species are currently declining and thus of conservation concern. In order to provide the molecular basis for population genetics and conservation biology, we report the development of 36 microsatellite markers for Lycaena spp. Loci were screened in 21 individuals...

article

Digital reality: a model-based approach to supervised learning from synthetic data

Tim Dahmen, Patrick Trampert, Faysal Boughorbel, Janis Sprenger, more

AI Perspectives > 2019 > 1 > 1 > 1-12

Hierarchical neural networks with large numbers of layers are the state of the art for most computer vision problems including image classification, multi-object detection and semantic segmentation. While the computational demands of training such deep networks can be addressed using specialized hardware, the availability of training data in sufficient quantity and quality remains a limiting factor...

article

Sexual differences rather than flight performance underlie movement and exploration in a tropical butterfly

Elisabeth Reim, Stefan Kahl, Katja Metschke, Klaus Fischer

Ecological Entomology > 44 > 5 > 648 - 658

1. Individual movement behaviour governs several routine processes, and may scale up to important ecological processes, including dispersal. However, movement is affected by a wealth of factors, including abiotic conditions, flight performance, and behavioural traits. Although it has been historically assumed that insect flight is in the first place ruled by physiology and morphology, researchers...

article

The Back College for nurses – an evaluation of intermediate effects

Bianca Kusma, Aki Pietsch, Helge Riepenhof, Sören Haß, more

Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology > 2019 > 14 > 1 > 1-9

Background Nursing staff and care workers run an increased risk of work related musculoskeletal disorders such as low back pain. The Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) offers its insured persons the opportunity to participate in a three-week Back College with the aim of preventing them having to abandon their profession due to back...

article

Nutritional stress reduces flight performance and exploratory behavior in a butterfly

Elisabeth Reim, Danny Eichhorn, Jan D. Roy, Philip O. M. Steinhoff, more

Insect Science > 26 > 5 > 897 - 910

Anthropogenic global change, including agricultural intensification and climate change, poses a substantial challenge to many herbivores due to a reduced availability of feeding resources. The concomitant food stress is expected to detrimentally affect performance, amongst others in dispersal‐related traits. Thus, while dispersal is of utmost importance to escape from deteriorating habitat conditions,...

article

Effects of adult temperature on gene expression in a butterfly: identifying pathways associated with thermal acclimation

Kristin Franke, Isabell Karl, Tonatiuh Pena Centeno, Barbara Feldmeyer, more

BMC Evolutionary Biology > 2019 > 19 > 1 > 1-16

Background Phenotypic plasticity is a pervasive property of all organisms and considered to be of key importance for dealing with environmental variation. Plastic responses to temperature, which is one of the most important ecological factors, have received much attention over recent decades. A recurrent pattern of temperature-induced adaptive plasticity includes increased heat tolerance after exposure...

article

Variation in adult stress resistance does not explain vulnerability to climate change in copper butterflies

Michael Klockmann, Leonard Wallmeyer, Klaus Fischer

Insect Science > 25 > 5 > 894 - 904

Ongoing climate change is a major threat to biodiversity. However, although many species clearly suffer from ongoing climate change, others benefit from it, for example, by showing range expansions. However, which specific features determine a species’ vulnerability to climate change? Phenotypic plasticity, which has been described as the first line of defence against environmental change, may be...

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BICYCLUS ANYNANA (14)
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Search results for: Klaus Fischer

Evaluating hybrid speciation and swamping in wild carnivores with a decision‐tree approach

Landscape type affects the functional diversity of carabid beetles in agricultural landscapes

Simulating effects of agricultural intensification and climate change: Nitrogen fertilisation and drought stress decrease insect herbivore performance

The central Alps comprise a major dispersal barrier between western and eastern populations of two butterfly species

Contrasting genetic responses to habitat fragmentation for two Lycaenid butterfly species

Corporate sustainability crisis: Theoretical framework and stakeholder‐oriented typology

Indications for rapid evolution of trait means and thermal plasticity in range‐expanding populations of a butterfly

Reduced host‐plant specialization is associated with the rapid range expansion of a Mediterranean butterfly

Grassland fallows as key for successful insect conservation

Birds of different morphs use slightly different strategies to achieve similar reproductive performance following heatwave exposure

High temperature and soil moisture reduce host‐plant quality for an insect herbivore

Modelling of the adsorption of urea herbicides by tropical soils with an Adaptive‐Neural‐based Fuzzy Inference System

Anthropogenic and natural barriers affect genetic connectivity in an Alpine butterfly

Characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite loci in three copper butterfly species (Lycaena spp.)

Digital reality: a model-based approach to supervised learning from synthetic data

Sexual differences rather than flight performance underlie movement and exploration in a tropical butterfly

The Back College for nurses – an evaluation of intermediate effects

Nutritional stress reduces flight performance and exploratory behavior in a butterfly

Effects of adult temperature on gene expression in a butterfly: identifying pathways associated with thermal acclimation

Variation in adult stress resistance does not explain vulnerability to climate change in copper butterflies

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