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Two-dimensional arrays of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots fabricated using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) through ultrathin anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane stencil masks have been investigated using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). Core-polarization states, which may indicate the presence of quasi-toroidal polarization ordering, have been observed. Existing theoretical...
A “top-down” approach using e-beam lithography and a “bottom-up” one using self-assembly methods were used to fabricate ferroelelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, SrBi2Ta2O9 and BaTiO3 nanostructures with lateral sizes in the range of 30 nm to 100 nm. Switching of single sub-100 nm cells was achieved and piezoelectric hysteresis loops were recorded using a scanning force microscope working in piezoresponse mode...
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