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In this paper, a technique for accurate estimation of the moment of magnetic dipole is proposed. The achievable accuracy is investigated, as a function of measurement noise affecting estimation of magnetic field cartesian components. The proposed technique is validated both via simulations and experimentally.
Vehicle recognition is one of the main challenges in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The need to recognize the vehicle type can help insurance companies, public safety organizations, infomobility, and policy-makers in general. In this paper, we propose a vehicle recognition system based on speed estimation, vehicle length estimation and classification of the vehicle type. We developed a...
A method for crosstalk detection and removal in multichannel time-of-arrival measurement systems is proposed. The method, based on low-complexity processing of cross-correlation results, is evaluated by numerical simulations and experimental characterization. Results show the capability to detect and remove crosstalk by processing the signals acquired by two mutually-interfering electrical channels...
This paper proposes an analysis of the quasi-stationary magnetic field generated by coils and its applicability to 3D positioning applications. Starting from a theoretical background, an approximation of the induced voltage in a sensor coil is developed and analyzed. In particular, the introduced approximation error is shown to be lower than 5 mm over a 20 m range. Finally, the developed model is...
Motivated by the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), and by the importance that location information has on many complex systems scenarios, we propose a hybrid scheme for user positioning in an urban scenario. The system uses both a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and a Magnetic Positioning System (MPS). To maintain receiver complexity and cost at a minimum, the location scheme combines...
The influence of the environmental configuration on AC magnetic distance-measurement systems, which are based on inductive coupling of tuned resonators, is experimentally analyzed. The main aspects that affect accuracy in such systems are the conductivity of the terrain and the presence of metallic materials near the resonators. It is shown that such aspects are frequency-dependent, and a tradeoff...
This paper describes the design and realization of a Magnetic Positioning System (MPS) integrated with a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. The GPS receiver is composed of a hardware section and a software section that can integrate with the MPS. Both system-level architecture and realization details are described along with experimental results. The realized measurement system exhibits a maximum...
This paper addresses the problem of adaptive noise cancellation in a multi-channel system. The proposed canceller is a recursive system, based on the Least Mean Squares filter (LMS). This method is analyzed by simulations and experimental results are given. Specifically, it is shown that this technique can improve the accuracy of ultrasound ranging and positioning systems using multichannel receivers.
This paper describes the design and realization of a Magnetic Indoor Positioning System. The system is entirely realized using off-the-shelf components and is based on inductive coupling between resonating coils. Both system-level architecture and realization details are described along with experimental results. The realized system exhibits a maximum positioning error of less than 10 cm in an indoor...
This paper describes a robust method for calibrating radio-frequency ranging systems in indoor environments. An approach for outlier rejection is proposed, based on modeling the distribution of the distance-measurement results as a Gaussian-uniform mixture. Using this model, a batch maximum-likelihood and a recursive particle filtering estimator are implemented. The accuracy and robustness of the...
In this paper, a ranging technique based on inductive coupling between resonating coils is presented. The theoretical background is discussed, and a practical implementation is illustrated and experimentally validated. It is shown that the proposed technique, implemented using off the shelf components, features both a good range and a fair resilience to multipath, being suitable for indoor positioning...
This paper proposes a simplified acquisition system for finding and identifying Base Stations (BSs) in visibility in the framework of a CDMA wireless positioning system, based on IS-95 cellular standard. The problem of having more than one BS in the same PN code acquisition system makes it necessary to discriminate between correct detection and false alarm events. Since IS-95 uses the same PN sequence...
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