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The need to address safety and security related aspects at an early stage of development of feedback control systems (FCS) has been identified as vital for the optimisation of the development process of military land systems. These systems often include network enabled capability (NEC) allowing the use of electronics architectures to integrate different sub-systems. However, this increased integration...
Intrusions on the vetronics architecture often target specific applications. Intruders exploit vulnerabilities in the architecture and try to halt services or make them behave abnormally. The traditional security approach relies on the fortress model. That is, like a fortress, a preventive wall is built to ensure that the system is not penetrated. Survivability addresses the issue of security on the...
Military vetronics consists of a variety of sub-systems which perform a myriad of functions. These sub-systems are connected together using gateways and backbone networks to provide the crew, the military and decision makers with realtime data, enabling information sharing. This integration of the vetronics architecture provides greater functionalities than an individual sub-system. However, this...
In both the military and civilian domains, vehicles are becoming more reliant on electronics to perform basic functions as well as, to provide new capabilities. The current trend for military vehicles is to feature data networks to connect the vast array of vetronics (vehicle electronics) modules. It is perceived [3] that by networking the vetronics, the resultant integrated architecture provides...
Vetronics in modern day military vehicles have evolved to include network enabled capability (NEC) allowing the use of electronics architectures to integrate different sub-systems. Integrated vehicle electronics (vetronics) offer improved performance, efficiency and new capabilities at the subsystem, system and system-of-systems level. However, this integration is associated with magnified risk and...
In this paper, a simple 2-user multiple access technique using the same available resources without subdivision in orthogonal dimensions (time, frequency, space or orthogonal codes) is proposed. It utilizes the difference in users' fading channels and space diversity to recover the individual user's data in a joint manner using minimum Euclidian distance detection. The effects of channel correlation...
Obtaining a dynamically updated background reference image is an important and challenging task for video applications using background subtraction. This paper proposes a novel algorithm for dynamic video background reconstruction with move-then-stop arbitrary-long time video object detection enabled. In addition to the adaptive mixture Gaussian background model (AMGBM), the proposed algorithm makes...
This paper proposes a robust dual-model matching and model update algorithm for object tracking with camera in motion. With the proposed technique, a short-term model is matched then updated each frame when it is matched to reflect the most recent changes of the tracked object in illumination, size and deformation. Furthermore, a long-term model is maintained in a period of time then updated in a...
The advent of embedded systems with greater capacity in terms of processing and general functionality has given rise to the recent use of embedded clusters, as seen in Singapore's satellite mission, X-Sat. This paper presents a Linux-based concurrent system of embedded network nodes, interconnected by Ethernet. It is formed of readily available components and is configured as a standard, commodity-based...
We investigate the BER and achievable rate of user cooperation schemes in practical uplink CDMA channels with multiple access interference (MAI). It is shown that when the system loading increases, cooperation alone becomes less effective if simple matched filters (MF) followed by combining from each partnerspsila signals are employed for obtaining decision variables. By performing successive interference...
In this paper, we introduce blind adaptive interference cancellation for a practical uplink CDMA effected by multiple access interference (MAI) in cooperative communications systems scenario. During the collaboration phase, each paired users exchange their data to communicate with the base-station by using their own and pairing userspsila channels to achieve the spatial diversity. The base-station...
In this paper, we propose adaptive multi-carrier cooperative communication (MCCC) technique for multi-path fading channels. In the proposed system, the nodes cooperatively transmit data over adaptively allocated sub-carriers to maximize the spectral efficiency while improving the bit error rate performance. Two adaptive sub-carrier allocation strategies are introduced. In the first strategy, the sub-carriers...
The inherent nature of military vetronic systems, whose core constituents are a combination of soft and hard real-time, distributed, and in most cases embedded systems with mixed criticality; inevitably poses a challenge as how to deal with multidimensional complexity. Such complexity is not only the result of the actual technologies used but the stringent demands to have more flexible, reliable,...
The civil aviation industry has expanded considerably in aircraft systems in the 100 years of its life. Although there are major developments in all aspects of flight, the fastest growing trend is for More electric aircraft (MEA) and low emissions; consequently, the complexity of electrical and electronic systems is increasing. It is therefore highly desirable to provide a simple, reliable, and sustainable...
In this paper, we introduce a user cooperation diversity scheme for uplink Collaborative Coded dual receive diversity Multiple Access (CCMA) system. In this scheme, the cooperating users transmit their own codewords and that of their partners' employing collaborative coding. The base-station receives two copies of the composite codeword signals via two different channels. Joint detection and decoding...
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a well- known technique in artificial intelligence (AI) for n- dimensional optimization problems. In this paper we extend the application of PSO to physical layer of communication systems and propose a simple target-customized PSO algorithm that could be used in centralized iterative optimization techniques. It is applied here for the sub-carrier allocation in...
After a cursory overview of two key players in the embedded automotive industry, FlexRay and controller area networks, the feasibility for a change in CAN is assessed. CAN is a bus based communication protocol for embedded applications. CAN has well defined message delivery latencies and fills the requirements of a variety of applications that cannot be met by other protocols. FlexRay is a new protocol,...
In a modern vehicle network, safety-critical systems must co-exist with current deterministic networks such as MilCAN. Additionally, it may be advantageous to use MilCAN to monitor the performance of a safety-critical system such as FlexRay. Following a brief overview of both MilCAN and FlexRay technologies, the progress of an ongoing investigation into bridging the two standards is presented. The...
Vetronics (vehicle electronics) Systems Integration subject deals with the integration of all electronic sub-systems within a vehicle. The UK MoD has identified VSI as a priority area in land systems for platform command and control. MoD VSI applied research programmes have produced open standards and guidelines to provide a framework for enhanced capabilities within military vehicles and furthermore,...
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