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This paper proposes an audio watermarking method based on dynamic phase coding and error control coding. The technique of quantization index modulation is employed for embedding watermarks into the phase spectrum of audio signals. Since most of the audio information is distributed in moderately low frequencies, to increase robustness, this frequency region is chosen for embedding watermarks. Phase...
Illegal use of digital technologies has brought a series of problems in speech protection and authorization. Digital watermarking can effectively solve these problems by embedding watermarks into the host signals. This paper proposes a hybrid watermarking method for speech signals based on the concepts of formant enhancement (FE) and cochlear delay (CD). This hybrid method utilizes the source-filter...
This paper proposes a speech watermarking method based on formant enhancement. The line spectral frequencies (LSFs) which can stably represent the formants were firstly derived from the speech signal by linear prediction (LP) analysis. A pair of LSFs were then symmetrically controlled to enhance formants for watermark embedding. Two kinds of objective experiments regarding inaudibility and robustness...
We propose a method of speech watermarking based on modifications to line spectral frequencies (LSFs) of original speech. LSFs were derived from each frame with linear prediction (LP) analysis and watermarks were embedded into them by using the quantization index modulation (QIM) of different quantization steps. We took into consideration inaudibility and robustness that were influenced by minor modifications...
There have recently been serious social issues involved in multimedia signal processing such as malicious attacks and tampering with digital audio/speech signals. Fragile speech watermarking is a technique that enables the detection of tampering with the original signals. We previously proposed an inaudible digital-audio watermarking approach based on cochlear delay. We investigated how the proposed...
This paper proposes an audio-data hiding scheme for amplitude-modulation (AM) radio broadcasting systems. The digital-audio method of watermarking based on cochlear delay (CD) that we previously proposed is employed in this scheme to send an inaudible message. We investigate the feasibility of a data-hiding scheme in the AM domain by applying the method of CD-based inaudible watermarking. The proposed...
There have recently been serious social issues involved in multimedia signal processing such as digital rights management, secure authentication, malicious attacks, and tampering with digital audio/speech signals. Reversible watermarking is a technique that enables these signals to be authenticated and then restored to their original signals by removing watermarks from them. We previously proposed...
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