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This paper presents a novel Kriging surrogate model based optimization algorithm to solve the constrained optimal operation problem in unbalanced three-phase distribution system, which is a mixed-integer, no-convex and nonlinear programming problem. The objective function is to reduce the power loss and to lower the voltage deviation. Considering that the traditional solving methods, such as GA and...
The BAF loaded with new ceramic filter material was researched to treat wastewater in comparison with the BAF loaded with biogenic ceramisite agitator. The operational parameter was optimized such as hydraulic retention time, reflux ratio, backwash cycle, etc. The result showed that when the average influent CODcr was 135.6 mg/L, NH4+-N 42.1 mg/L and TP 0.69 mg/L, the removal efficiencies of The BAF...
First principle calculations based on density functional theory has been performed to study the work function or electron affinity and ionization potential of two-dimensional atomic crystals of carbon family, group-III-nitride family and transition-metal dichalcogenide family. Silicene is found to have the largest ionization potential and electron affinity in carbon family. The electron affinity (ionization...
We developed a multi-scale time dependent density functional method to simulate electrons in semi-infinite long nano structures emitting into vacuum via the apex of nano structures. A relation between the field emission energy distribution and the angular momentum inside the single wall carbon nanotube is shown.
GitHub is a popular source code hosting site which serves as a collaborative coding platform. The many features of GitHub have greatly facilitated developers' collaboration, communication, and coordination. Gists are one feature of GitHub, which defines them as "a simple way to share snippets and pastes with others." This three-part study explores how users are using Gists. The first part...
The breaking down of graphene nanoribbon under external electrostatic fields is investigated by first principle calculations. By analyzing the phonon spectrum, the critical breaking down electric field for various functional groups terminated zigzag edge graphene nanoribbons is obtained.
We investigated the vacuum potential barriers of various graphene edges. It is found that the exchange-correlation potential correction is significant to the edge structures with electronegativity higher than carbon. The correction leads to the local work function decreased by more than 1 eV for the O terminated edge. An extraordinary low vacuum barrier height of 2.0 eV has been found on the zigzag-edge...
We investigated the vacuum potential barriers of various graphene edges. It is found that the exchange-correlation potential correction is significant to the edge structures with electronegativity higher than carbon. The correction leads to the local work function decreased by more than 1 eV for the O terminated edge.
We report the preparation and field emission characterization of the chemically-reduced graphene oxide (RGO) thin film and the integration of the RGO films with the MOSFET for realizing the actively-controlled on the emission current. Physical mechanisms are proposed for interpreting the effect of the carbon-oxygen bonds on the field emission properties.
The determination of a stochastic model in GPS Precise Point Positioning plays a significant role. In this paper, a combined stochastic model based on satellite elevation angle and carrier-to-noise-power density ratio was proposed. The specific model was constructed with a good understanding of correlations between observations and regular stochastic models. The accuracy and convergence time of PPP...
Water environment problems and countermeasures were discussed of petrochemical corporation according to water and wastewater systems of a enterprise. Water environment problems were analysed such as the lack of step water recycling among the process units, uncompletely separate treatment of different concentration wastewater, the shortage of pretreatment and advanced treatment, low water recycle rate,...
Theory and application of water and wastewater network optimization was researched borrowing ideas from water pinch technology. A new water system optimization method was advanced and a water system optimization model was built. The new water system optimization method was based on mass transfer model of water pinch technology, every operation used matched water of circle water and fresh water in...
Summary form only given. Graphene has a one-dimensional edge of atomic thickness, excellent electrical conductivity, and good mechanical properties, which qualify it as an attractive novel field emission emitter. Several groups had demonstrated that graphene does show promising electron emission properties, such as low emission threshold field and large emission current density[1-7]. The traditional...
Compressed sensing (CS) theory shows that it is possible to reconstruct exactly a sparse signal from fewer linear measurements than that would be expected from traditional sampling theory. Orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) is a kind of greedy pursuit algorithms that could implement CS signal recovery. However, in distributed compressed sensing (DCS) scenario, an emerging field based on the correlation...
Firstly, the Harris corner detector is improved to detect feature points and the method to describe the features of the points with SIFT (scale invariant feature transform) is enhanced. Secondly, Euclidian distance is utilized to get exact matching in the point set above. Finally, a simple efficient way to eliminate wrong matches is given. This method is proved to meet the needs of real-time binocular...
The standard Fowler-Nordheim theory has been widely used and achieved great success in description of field emission (FE) experiments for over 70 years. In this paper, we present the field emission models for carbon nanotubes, wide-band-gap nanowires, and metallic nanosheets, emphasizing the deviations against the Fowler-Nordheim theory and some aspects that have not been incorporated in the standard...
The apex structure of the SWCNT has been optimized to achieve higher FE efficiency. Obviously the apex-vacuum barrier (AVB) and thereby the FE characteristic will be strongly affected by the electron transfer between carbons and adsorbates and among the adsorbate atoms. The FE characteristics of open-ended SWCNTs with their open ends terminated by -O, -BH and -NH, respectively were compared. The simulations...
This study investigates quantum mechanically the effect of spacing of aligned carbon nanotubes on field emission properties. It is known that for a given length of CNTs, it is beneficial for electron emission as the spacing of CNTs are increased. As the spacing of CNTs reduces, the effect of screening becomes stronger and current density become smaller. It is very useful to know the relationship between...
The modified neglect of diatomic overlap semiempirical quantum mechanical method, a multiscale quantum/classical hybrid method, is used to simulate the field electron emission in single-wall carbon nanotubes. The classical analysis and quantum computations have shown that a larger separation of the anode from the emitter enhances the field electron emission
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