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Building space accounts for one of the largest operational costs for companies. While space management has traditionally been done based on human observations, technology solutions are increasingly been considered. In this paper, we consider advanced sensing systems that provide location data at a certain spatio-temporal granularity. Location data analytics is then considered to realize two space...
We consider the problem of estimating lighting energy consumption in a lighting system upgrade scenario. In this scenario, a building has an existing lighting control system, denoted LCS1. We are interested in estimating the energy consumption if a more energy efficient lighting control system, denoted LCS2, had been installed. Lighting data is available from LCS2 for a specific monitored area and...
The problem of daylight estimation in a smart lighting system is considered. The smart lighting system consists of multiple luminaires with collocated occupancy and light sensors. Using sensor information, the objective is to attain illumination levels higher than specified values at the workspaces. We consider a training phase wherein light sensors are used at the workspaces in addition. Data from...
An Internet of Things (IoT) indoor lighting system that consists of multiple luminaires with an IP address, sensors and controllers is considered. The sensors provide sensing information for controlling artificial lighting system and additionally serve as a data source for other building systems and services. In this paper, we consider visible light communication (VLC) among sensors and luminaires...
We consider control of multiple luminaires with a central controller and occupancy and light sensors co-located at the luminaires. The sensors periodically provide local occupancy state and illumination information to the central controller. Using this sensor feedback, the central controller determines the dimming levels of the luminaires so as to adapt artificial light output to changing daylight...
We consider a distributed lighting control system with multiple networked luminaires, each equipped with a light and presence sensor, and a local controller. Using local sensor inputs and information exchange with limited neighboring controllers, each local controller determines the optimum dimming level of its luminaire so that the lighting power consumption is minimized. This is done under net illumination...
Determining occupant presence in an indoor environment with fine spatial granularity is useful in a number of smart building control and analytics applications. We present an ultrasonic circular array sensing solution for granular presence sensing. A ceiling-mounted sensor configuration with a co-located transmitter and array receiver is considered. The transmitter sends periodic bursts of sinusoidal...
Classification of human arm movements is an important problem in healthcare and well-being applications. In this paper, an ultrasonic Uniform Circular Array (UCA) Doppler sensing method is proposed for classifying arm movements from a given set. The method uses velocity and angular information, derived from Doppler frequencies and direction-of-arrival (DoA) by processing the signals received at the...
We consider distributed lighting control systems consisting of multiple asynchronous feedback controllers that adapt dimming of intelligent light source based on occupancy and illuminance value as measured by co-located occupancy and light sensors respectively. In an initial calibration step, the set-point at the light sensor for every controller is determined. Changes in reflectance due to factors...
An ultrasonic sensor that employs moving target processing based on differential echo processing and occupant tracking is considered for indoor occupant presence detection. We present a simple statistical model to analyze the presence detection performance of such a sensor. The probability distributions of the differential power signal are first obtained under vacancy and occupancy conditions. We...
We consider an active ultrasonic sensor system for indoor presence detection. In such a system, a pulse sinusoid is used as an active transmission waveform and the received echoes are processed at the corresponding receiver to determine user presence within the detection region of a sensor. In a system with multiple sensors, cross-interference arises due to transmission from a sensor at the receiver...
We consider the problem of daylight estimation in a daylight-adaptive lighting system. In such a lighting system, the dimming levels of light sources are adapted to changing daylight such that a desired illuminance distribution is achieved at the workspace plane. Each light source has an associated light sensor at the ceiling that measures the net illuminance, due to contributing light sources and...
We consider the control of lighting systems with embedded sensing, communication, computation and control functions at the luminaire-level. Each intelligent luminaire has (i) local presence sensing information, (ii) local light distribution information, (iii) a controller that determines its dimming level, and (iv) connectivity with other luminaires in its neighborhood. In a lighting system of such...
We consider an ultrasonic sensor system deployed for indoor presence detection. In such a presence sensing system, we are interested in the problem of user localization using time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements collected, due to transmission from sensors in different time slots, at a particular sensor. We present a tracking algorithm to improve estimation of TDOA values resulting from a...
Reliable detection of user presence is key in realizing energy-efficient occupancy-adaptive indoor lighting systems. We present an ultrasonic array sensor for reliable presence detection in indoor spaces. Short bursts of sinusoidal pulses are transmitted periodically from the sensor. The objective is to then determine presence of a user within the sensing region by processing the received echoes at...
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