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Deployed in a harsh oceanic environment for mission critical tasks, underwater acoustic networks have been regarded as a special type of wireless sensor networks. The limited bandwidth and power resources as well as the 3-D topology in such networks have made the geographic routing a favorite choice. In underwater sensor networks environment, most of the detouring strategies of the existing geographic...
Tree routing is one of the detouring strategies employed in geographic routing to help find a detour for a packet to leave a local minimum. The effectiveness of tree routing depends on the quality of the pre-constructed routing trees. Existing tree construction methods build trees in a top-down and centralized fashion and do not consider the traffic load in the network, and therefore is likely to...
Load balancing is an important issue in sensor networks especially when geographic routing is employed since in this case, a node often forwards its packet to a certain neighbor. As a result, nodes located at the intersection of multiple routes to the base station tend to be placed under great stress and drain its energy quickly. This can potentially lead to disconnection of the network. Current solutions...
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