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Elevation beamforming and Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) has been an active area of research and standardization in 3GPP LTE-Advanced. In an FD-MIMO system, a base station with 2-dimensional (2D) active array supports multi-user joint elevation and azimuth beamforming (a.k.a. 3D beamfoming), which results in much higher cell capacity compared to conventional systems. Recent study has shown that with...
In this paper we present a practical 2-Dimensional (2D) active antenna array configuration for Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) systems. The basic antenna element is a 1H × 4V (i.e. 1 element in the horizontal and 4 in the vertical direction), patch antenna array referred to as sub-array, fed with a single port. The MIMO array is comprised of 8H × 4V such sub-arrays spaced at 0.5λH x 2λV, with a total...
This article considers a practical implementation of massive MIMO systems [1]. Although the best performance can be achieved when a large number of active antennas are placed only in the horizontal domain, BS form factor limitation often makes horizontal array placement infeasible. To cope with this limitation, this article introduces full-dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) cellular wireless communication system,...
In this paper, we study practical 2-Dimensional (2D) active antenna array configurations for Massive MIMO systems and evaluate the system-level performance with the form factor at the base stations operating in cellular frequency band. To this end, we develop a 3-Dimensional Spatial Channel Model (3D SCM) to facilitate accurate performance evaluation and to build insights for system design. System-level...
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