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Although orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems that use inverse discrete Fourier (IDFT) for multicarrier modulation and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for demodulation are dominantly adopted in the current broadband standards, there have been some reports in recent years that discuss the shortcomings of OFDM in highly mobile and/or multiple access environments....
Modern implementations of discrete-time phase-locked loops (DT-PLLs) often contain delayed feedback. The delays are usually a side effect to pipelining, filtering, or other inner-loop mechanisms. Each delay increases the order of the system by introducing an additional pole to the closed-loop transfer function and, in many cases, makes the traditional type-2 loop equations obsolete. This brief describes...
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