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Summary Two radiologists evaluated images of the spine from computed tomography (CT) scans on two occasions to diagnose vertebral fracture in 100 individuals. Agreement was fair to good for mild fractures, and agreement was good to excellent for more severe fractures. CT scout views are useful to assess vertebral fracture. Introduction We investigated inter-reader agreement between two radiologists...
Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) properties play a significant role in determining the reliability of solder joints in service. IMCs and their evolution become more important for devices with micro- or nano-scale joints used in cryogenic applications. In this study, the interfacial reactions of In/Cu and In/Ni/Cu due to low-temperature cycling are investigated. The results illustrate that the character...
In this study, mechanical properties of indium micro-joints exposed to low temperature cycling were investigated. The metallization structure of Ni/Cu was specially used as a substrate to form indium joints for mechanical tests. This paper focuses mainly on the tensile test of indium joints at thermal cycling from 300 K to 77 K. The Young's modulus, the ultimate strength and yield strength of the...
Reliability of power electronics modules is of paramount importance for the commercial success of various types of electric vehicles. In this paper, we study the technical feasibility of detecting early symptoms and warning signs of power module degradation due to thermomechanical stress and fatigue, and developing a prognostic system that monitors the state of health of the power modules in electric,...
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