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In this paper, a switched-beam antenna array based on Butler matrix network at 25 GHz is demonstrated for 5G channel sounding system. In order to achieve beam switching, an 8×8 Butler matrix integrated with a 1×8 switch is designed as a feeding network to excite the patch antenna array. Owing to the linear phase distribution induced by the Butler matrix, the antenna array can generate different beams...
Space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm is proposed to compute the jointly maximum-likelihood estimate of the relative delay, incidence azimuth, and complex amplitude, which are considered the character parameters of impinging waves in indoor radio environments. The maximization processes of SAGE algorithm can be separated into several individual procedures which can...
An endfire beam-switchable antenna array, which is designed for vehicular mobile application regulated by the IEEE 802.11p standard, is proposed in this letter. The antenna is a linear array with four L-shaped elements separated by a quarter of a wavelength. The horizontal beams of L-elements point to four different directions, and this reduces the antenna height, decreases the mutual coupling between...
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