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Summary form only given. The use of very high electric fields (~500 kV/cm or higher) with pulse durations in the sub-nanosecond range has been a very recent development in bio-electrics. There appear to be inherent advantages in using short electric pulses such as: (i) negligible thermal heating, (ii) the possibility of selecting the desired time scales through pulse width manipulation, and (iii)...
Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) have been shown to penetrate into living cells to permeabilize intracellular organelles and release Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum. They provide a new approach for physically targeting intracellular organelles with many applications, including initiation of apoptosis, enhancement of gene transfection efficiency and inhibiting tumor growth. We have been...
Electrical models for biological cells predict that reducing the duration of applied electrical pulses to values below the charging time of the outer membrane causes a strong increase in the probability for electric field interactions with intracellular structures. For electric field amplitudes exceeding MV/m such pulses are expected to cause electroporation of cell organelles, with the required electric...
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