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Some electricity markets use Locational Marginal Prices (LMPs) to trade energy, but due to transmission lines congestion there may be volatility, existing differences between LMPs from generation points and LMPs in load points. These markets resort to the implementation of Financial Transmission Rights (FTRs) for hedging market participants against that congestion charges. In this paper, a review...
Phasor measurement units (PMUs) synchronize the measurements of current and voltage phasors in real time. This paper introduces a PMU simulation model for phasor estimation which uses a nonrecursive Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) algorithm with linear interpolation. The algorithm was implemented and tested in the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). The algorithm is evaluated using the test signals...
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