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This paper proposes a novel GAA that radiates a CP beam whose direction varies with frequency. The proposed GAA is composed of open-loop elements, instead of spiral elements; the proposed GAA has a two-layer structure leading to easy fabrication, unlike the spiral GAA. The radiation characteristics, including the beam direction, axial ratio, and radiation pattern, are analyzed and discussed.
A 1.5-turn balanced helical antenna is numerically and experimentally investigated. It is found that the helix has a smoothly decaying current distribution to radiate a circularly polarised wave. Further study shows how the mutual coupling between a pair of identical helixes can be reduced by rotating one helix with respect to another.
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